Low density lipoprotein on poor quality mithun (Bos frontalis) semen preservation

Abstract

Low density lipoproteins (LDL) extracted from hens egg yolk (EY) has been studied over EY based extender for liquid storage of mithun semen with the objective to explore the use of LDL in place of EY. Physio-morphological attributes (PMAs) and mobility and velocity parameters were measured by computer assisted sperm analyser (CASA). Leakage of intracellular enzymes, activity of total antioxidants and lipid peroxidation following liquid storage (5 o C) of mithun semen were studied. Fifty ejaculates were collected through transrectal massage method from matured mithun bulls and based on the mass activity and individual motility; the semen samples were splited into good and poor quality and diluted with the tris citrate glycerol (TCG) extender and were splited into three equal aliquots: Group I: Control, EY; Group II and Group III contained 8 and 10% LDL (w/v), respectively. PMAs, intracellular enzymatic leakage and biochemical profiles were evaluated at 5°C following 10hrs incubation. Result revealed a significant (p<0.05) improvement in PMAs, CASA parameters and cholesterol content of spermatozoa as well as reduction in leakage of intracellular enzymes, oxidative stress in Group II than control and other treatment group. It was concluded that addition of 8% LDL holds a clear advantage over EY or 10% LDL in liquid preservation of mithun semen.

Cryopreservation of Simmental cattle semen with egg yolk from different avian species and level glycerol of different in tris diluent

“…Duck egg yolks have higher cholesterol levels than chicken and quail egg yolks [2], so the low density protein content is also greater. Perumal et al [15] stated that LDL can attach to the surface of the plasma membrane of spermatozoa to replace the phospholipids lost and damaged during clotting. Added by Akhter et al [16] that the disintegrated LDL fraction releasing phospholipids will form a protective layer for the spermatozoa plasma membrane and prevent phospholipid efflux.…”

Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) in Mithun (Bos frontalis): What progress has been made so far? An overview

“…Administration of exogenous melatonin @ 18 mg/50 kg body weight (Perumal et al, 2020; Perumal, Chang, Baruah, & Srivastava, 2018) or supplementation of flaxseed oil @ 150 ml/day (Perumal et al, 2019) attenuates the oxidative stress triggered adverse alterations in scrotal and testicular biometrics, endocrinological profiles, semen production and its quality profiles and fertility rates in Mithun. Intramuscular administration of oxytocin (20 IU) has a significant beneficial effect on libido and semen production and its quality profiles compared to the administration of PGF2α (0.5 mg) in Mithun (Perumal, 2015). Biostimulation of Mithun bulls by exposing to estrus females or their urine, dung, and sweat improved the libido, endocrine profiles, semen production and quality profiles compared with exposure to non‐estrus females or their secretions (Perumal, 2018b, 2018c).…”

“…Similarly, the inclusion of 5% or 8% egg yolk powder in semen diluent holds a clear advantage and has higher benefits over 20% fresh egg yolk in cryopreservation of Mithun semen (Perumal, Chang, Ezung, et al, 2018). The addition of low‐density lipoprotein (8% dry weight w/w) extracted from chicken egg yolk in refrigerated or cryopreserved Mithun semen improved freeze–thaw semen quality compared to 20% fresh egg yolk (Perumal, Srivastava, Ghosh, Baruah, Bag, et al, 2016; Perumal, Srivastava, Ghosh, Baruah, Khan, et al, 2016).…”

Novel extraction technologies and potential applications of egg yolk proteins

“…(Dalal et al, 2020 ) revealed that the better protective effects on a buffalo sperm of LDL during cryopreservation was due to its prevention against excessive cholesterol efflux, higher content of antioxidants, leading to a functional CatSper channel. In addition, LDL also exhibited cryoprotective effect on Hariana bull, mithun (Bos frontalis) semen, and increased the cryoprotective efficiency of soybean lecithin-based bull semen extenders (Perumal et al, 2017 ; Anand et al, 2017 ; Simonik et al, 2019 ). Therefore, LDL can be used as an effective cryoprotectant for animal semen.…”