Low flow vascular malformation of the buccal mucosa treated conservatively by sclerotherapy (3% sodium tetradecyl sulfate)

Abstract

Vascular anomalies constitute some of the most difficult diagnostic and therapeutic enigmas in the head and neck region. It is of paramount importance that a modern classification system is established to differentiate vascular lesions from vascular malformations. Vascular malformations are usually congenital and venous anomalies usually expand because of hormonal changes such as puberty, pregnancy, or secondary to trauma. Here, we report a case which was diagnosed as low flow vascular malformation of buccal mucosa involving the lower lip and subsequently treated with 3% sodium tetra decyl sulfate. This paper provides overall understanding regarding the presentation and management of small vascular lesions in the orofacial region. Percutaneous sodium tetradecyl sulfate when used either alone or as adjunct to surgery is a safe, effective, and inexpensive agent in the treatment of venous malformations. However, proper case selection, evaluation, and careful planning are necessary to reduce the unwarranted risks and complications.

The Use of Sodium Tetradecyl Sulphate for the Treatment of Venous Malformations of the Head and Neck

“…Sodium tetradecyl sulphate, 3 % STS (Sotradecol Ò [11], Fibro-Vein Ò ) [12], has been widely used as sclerosing agent since 1946. STS is used commonly in the treatment of small varicose veins of the legs, as well as venous and lymphatic malformations [13,14]. The mechanism of action of STS is to produce maximum endothelial damage with minimal thrombus formation leading to fibrosis of the lesion [12] which leads to shrinkage.…”

Giant complicated glosso-cervical arterio venous malformation managed with external carotid artery ligation and serial injection sclerotherapy: a case report and review of literature

“…Sodium tetradecyl sulphate, 3% STS has been widely uses as sclerosing agent in small varicose veins of legs, as well as venous and lymphatic malformations. 13,14 The mechanism of action of STS is to produce maximum endothelial damage with minimal thrombus formation leading to fibrosis of the lesion which leads to shrinkage.…”

Acquired arteriovenous malformation of lip occurring as an occupational hazard: A case report with review of literature

“…[ 1 ] They constitute some of the most difficult diagnostic and therapeutic enigmas in the head and neck region. [ 5 ] Hence, it is of utmost importance to establish a classification system[ 5 ] which will consider both diagnostic and therapeutic issues.…”

“…AVMs may be congenital or acquired. [ 1 2 5 6 ] Acquired AVMs are usually posttraumatic with previous history of injury, trauma or surgery with higher incidence of hemorrhage. [ 1 2 ] Hemorrhage and disfigurement are common reasons requiring intervention in AVMs involving the head and neck region.…”