“…Since MMA was first put forward by Landy et al in 2008 [5], it has attracted widespread attention of the science community, due to the broad applications of the MMA in many fields, for example, miniaturization for antennas [6], stealth technology [7], thermal detectors [8,9], and the miniaturization of microwave device [10]. Over the past few years, most researches on the MMA have been concentrated on the design of MMA showing excellent performance within single-band, multi-band and broad-band [11][12][13][14][15], operations at various frequency spectra scaled from microwave to optical frequencies [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], by using different metamaterial resonators. Among these researches, however, few works paid attention to the analysis of the theories for the physic mechanisms, which is necessary for an in-depth study of the MMA.…”