Low-Grade Osteosarcoma of the Mandible

Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OS), a rare malignant bone tumour arising from primitive bone forming mesenchyme, most often arises in the metaphyses of long bones of the extremities. Bone or osteoid formation within the tumour is characteristic of an osteosarcoma. Craniofacial osteosarcoma (CFOS), most often located in the mandible or maxilla, accounts for only 5-13% of all osteosarcomas. In general, OS of the jaw is a high-grade lesion. Low-grade lesions are rare and represent less than 2% of all osteosarcomas reported in the literature. Because of its rarity and well differentiation, Low-grade OS is usually misdiagnosed as a benign lesion. The clinical and radiographic presentation does not correlate well with the subtle histology picture of a low-grade osteosarcoma which makes the diagnosis difficult.

Chondromyxoid fibroma-like osteosarcoma: a case series and literature review

“…The relevant clinical features and related treatments were retrospectively reviewed, and follow-up data were collected from electronic charts, hard copy medical records and telephone calls. The review of the literature available via the PubMed, Embase and MEDLINE in English and China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data in Chinese revealed ten case reports with pathologically confirmed CMF-OS and had sufficient data to extract [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The institutional review board of our institution approved this retrospective study.…”

“…The first case was firstly reported in 1989 [3] as a subtype of low-grade osteosarcoma. Ten cases were reported in the literature to date [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Osteosarcoma of the Maxilla: A Rare Case with Unusual Clinical Presentation

“…8 Early diagnosis and wide surgical resection is the most important factor for prognosis, which results in a 5-year survival rate of 80%. 7 Therefore, when the pathologic features on a biopsy specimen of the jaws are in favor of a bone-forming neoplasm, such as the current case, clinical, radiographic and histopathologic correlation is strongly recommended in establishing an accurate diagnosis. …”

“…However, most Gnathic OSs are high-grade lesions 7 and demonstrate a high mortality rate associated with local invasion that is usually difficult to control. 8 Early diagnosis and wide surgical resection is the most important factor for prognosis, which results in a 5-year survival rate of 80%.…”

Osteoid producing primary lesion at morphologic and biologic interface

“…Six patterns or subtypes of craniofacial osteosarcomas exist: parosteal type, fibrous dysplasia like, desmoplastic fibroma like, nonossifying fibroma like, osteoblastoma like, chondromyxoid fibroma like. Histologic hallmark of all these subtypes is the direct production of osteoid by tumor cells (5). Osteoid is the organic nonmineralised matrix of bone and composed of type 1 collagen fibers, appearing uniformly eosinophilic and keloid like.…”