Low intensity resistance training improves systolic function and cardiovascular autonomic control in diabetic rats

Mostarda, Cristiano Teixeira; Rodrigues, Bruno; Moraes, Oscar Albuquerque de; Moraes‐Silva, Ivana C.; Arruda, Paula; Cardoso, Rhanderson; Scapini, Kátia Bilhar; Santos, Fernando dos; Angelis, Kátia De; Irigoyen, Maria Cláudia

doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013.12.005

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In fact, this finding suggests that hemodynamic and autonomic dysfunctions in post-weaning rats treated with fructose and evaluated at a young age may be attenuated by moderate physical training when compared with those kept sedentary. These results are consistent with the findings previously published by our group for adult male rats [34, 39] and hypertensive ovariectomized female rats [35]. In this regard, it is notable that changes in the SAP variability have been related to lesions in target organs and worse prognosis [49].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In the literature, the improvement in physical function is viewed as a marker of physical training protocol efficiency; this improvement has been widely reported after training in control, diabetic, old and hypertensive rats [17, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40] as well as in healthy men and hypertensive and in post-myocardial infarction patients [41, 42, 43]. Our group also demonstrated cardiovascular autonomic improvement after aerobic exercise training in adult male and ovariectomized rats undergoing a fructose overload [34, 36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise Training Prevents Cardiovascular Derangements Induced by Fructose Overload in Developing Rats

et al. 2016

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The risks of chronic diseases associated with the increasing consumption of fructose-laden foods are amplified by the lack of regular physical activity and have become a serious public health issue worldwide. Moreover, childhood eating habits are strongly related to metabolic syndrome in adults. Thus, we aimed to investigate the preventive role of exercise training undertaken concurrently with a high fructose diet on cardiac function, hemodynamics, cardiovascular autonomic modulation and oxidative stress in male rats after weaning. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 8/group): Sedentary control (SC), Trained control (TC), Sedentary Fructose (SF) and Trained Fructose (TF). Training was performed on a treadmill (8 weeks, 40–60% of maximum exercise test). Evaluations of cardiac function, hemodynamics, cardiovascular autonomic modulation and oxidative stress in plasma and in left ventricle (LV) were performed. Chronic fructose overload induced glucose intolerance and an increase in white adipose tissue (WAT) weight, in myocardial performance index (MPI) (SF:0.42±0.04 vs. SC:0.24±0.05) and in arterial pressure (SF:122±3 vs. SC:113±1 mmHg) associated with increased cardiac and vascular sympathetic modulation. Fructose also induced unfavorable changes in oxidative stress profile (plasmatic protein oxidation- SF:3.30±0.09 vs. SC:1.45±0.08 nmol/mg prot; and LV total antioxidant capacity (TRAP)- SF: 2.5±0.5 vs. SC:12.7±1.7 uM trolox). The TF group showed reduced WAT, glucose intolerance, MPI (0.35±0.04), arterial pressure (118±2mmHg), sympathetic modulation, plasmatic protein oxidation and increased TRAP when compared to SF group. Therefore, our findings indicate that cardiometabolic dysfunctions induced by fructose overload early in life may be prevented by moderate aerobic exercise training.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Training Prevents Cardiovascular Derangements Induced by Fructose Overload in Developing Rats

et al. 2016

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“…In addition, Alves et al ( 25 ) also showed that 12 weeks of RT (squat training model) in a chronic heart failure model was able to improve cardiac function, and attenuate ventricular hypertrophy and LV CVF. Furthermore, Mostarda et al ( 26 ) showed that 10 weeks of low-intensity RT (squat training model) increased systolic function in diabetic rats due to positive LV remodeling and improved baroreflex sensitivity. In summary, positive effects on LV function were observed in those studies in which the RT protocol lasted longer than eight weeks and those that used the squat-training apparatus, similar to that used here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance training attenuates salt overload-induced cardiac remodeling and diastolic dysfunction in normotensive rats

Barretti

Melo

Oliveira

et al. 2017

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Elevated salt intake induces changes in the extracellular matrix collagen, leading to myocardial stiffness and impaired relaxation. Resistance training (RT) has been used as a remarkably successful strategy in the treatment of heart disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of RT on preventing pathological adaptation of the left ventricle (LV) induced by salt overload. Male Wistar rats (10 weeks old) were distributed into four groups (n=8/group): control (CO), control+1% salt (CO+SALT), RT and RT+1% salt (RT+SALT). The RT protocol consisted of 4×12 bouts of squat training, 5/week for 8 weeks, with 80% of one repetition maximum (1RM). Echocardiographs were analyzed and interstitial collagen volume fraction (CVF) was determined in the LV. The 1RM tests in the RT and RT+SALT groups increased 145 and 137%, respectively, compared with the test performed before the training program. LV weight-to-body weight ratio and LV weight-to-tibia length ratio were greater in the RT and RT+SALT groups, respectively, compared with the CO group. Although there was no difference in the systolic function between groups, diastolic function decreased 25% in the CO+SALT group compared with the CO group measured by E/A wave ratio. RT partially prevented this decrease in diastolic function compared with the CO+SALT group. A 1% salt overload increased CVF more than 2.4-fold in the CO+SALT group compared with the CO group and RT prevented this increase. In conclusion, RT prevented interstitial collagen deposition in LV rats subjected to 1% NaCl and attenuated diastolic dysfunction induced by salt overload independent of alterations in blood pressure.

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“…Despite skeletal muscle adaptation, high and moderate intensities of resistance exercise are associated with acute and chronic deleterious cardiovascular effects such as, increase in the arterial stiffness, (Miyachi et al, 2004 ; Miyachi, 2013 ) cardiac hypertrophy (Barauna et al, 2005 , 2007 ), arterial baroreflex and vascular sympathetic dysfunction (Niemelä et al, 2008 ; Collier et al, 2009 ). On the other hand, LI-RT has been demonstrated as an efficient and safer exercise to be applied to health and pathological populations in humans (Okamoto et al, 2011 , 2014 ) or experimental model (Mostarda et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Nitric Oxide Bioavailability and Decreased Sympathetic Modulation Are Involved in Vascular Adjustments Induced by Low-Intensity Resistance Training

et al. 2016

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Resistance training is one of the most common kind of exercise used nowadays. Long-term high-intensity resistance training are associated with deleterious effects on vascular adjustments. On the other hand, is unclear whether low-intensity resistance training (LI-RT) is able to induce systemic changes in vascular tone. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic LI-RT on endothelial nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability of mesenteric artery and cardiovascular autonomic modulation in healthy rats. Wistar animals were divided into two groups: exercised (Ex) and sedentary (SED) rats submitted to the resistance (40% of 1RM) or fictitious training for 8 weeks, respectively. After LI-RT, hemodynamic measurements and cardiovascular autonomic modulation by spectral analysis were evaluated. Vascular reactivity, NO production and protein expression of endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthase isoforms (eNOS and nNOS, respectively) were evaluated in mesenteric artery. In addition, cardiac superoxide anion production and ventricle morphological changes were also assessed. In vivo measurements revealed a reduction in mean arterial pressure and heart rate after 8 weeks of LI-RT. In vitro studies showed an increased acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vasorelaxation and greater NOS dependence in Ex than SED rats. Hence, decreased phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction was found in Ex rats. Accordingly, LI-RT increased the NO bioavailability under basal and ACh stimulation conditions, associated with upregulation of eNOS and nNOS protein expression in mesenteric artery. Regarding autonomic control, LI-RT increased spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity, which was associated to reduction in both, cardiac and vascular sympathetic modulation. No changes in cardiac superoxide anion or left ventricle morphometric parameters after LI-RT were observed. In summary, these results suggest that RT promotes beneficial vascular adjustments favoring augmented endothelial NO bioavailability and reduction of sympathetic vascular modulation, without evidence of cardiac overload.

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Low intensity resistance training improves systolic function and cardiovascular autonomic control in diabetic rats

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Exercise Training Prevents Cardiovascular Derangements Induced by Fructose Overload in Developing Rats

Exercise Training Prevents Cardiovascular Derangements Induced by Fructose Overload in Developing Rats

Resistance training attenuates salt overload-induced cardiac remodeling and diastolic dysfunction in normotensive rats

Increased Nitric Oxide Bioavailability and Decreased Sympathetic Modulation Are Involved in Vascular Adjustments Induced by Low-Intensity Resistance Training

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