Low-level laser therapy improves the inflammatory profile of rats with heart failure

Abstract

Following heart failure (HF), immune activation leads to an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used as an anti-inflammatory treatment in several disease conditions. However, the effect of LLLT on the skeletal muscle of rats with HF remains unclear. The present report aimed to evaluate the influence of LLLT on the inflammatory profile of rats with HF. The left coronary artery was ligated to induce HF and a sham operation was performed in the control groups. Male Wistar rats (n=49) were assigned to one of six groups: placebo sham rats (P-Sham; n=8), LLLT at a dose of 3 J/cm(2) sham rats (3 J/cm(2)-Sham; n=8), LLLT at a dose of 21 J/cm(2) sham rats (21 J/cm(2)-Sham; n=8), placebo HF rats (P-HF; n=9), LLLT at a dose of 3 J/cm(2) HF rats (3 J/cm(2)-HF; n=8), and LLLT at a dose of 21 J/cm(2) HF rats (21 J/cm(2)-HF; n=8). Four weeks after myocardial infarction or sham surgery, rats were subjected to LLLT (InGaAlP 660 nm, spot size 0.035 cm(2), output power 20 mW, power density 0.571 W/cm(2), energy density 3 or 21 J/cm(2), exposure time 5.25 s and 36.75 s) on the right gastrocnemius for 10 consecutive days. LLLT reduced plasma IL-6 levels (61.3 %; P<0.01), TNF-α/IL-10 (61.0 %; P<0.01) and IL-6/IL-10 ratios (77.3 %; P<0.001) and increased IL-10 levels (103 %; P<0.05) in the 21 J/cm(2)-HF group. Moreover, LLLT reduced the TNF-α (20.1 % and 21.3 %; both P<0.05) and IL-6 levels (54.3 % and 37.8 %; P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively) and the IL-6/IL-10 ratio (59.7 % and 42.2 %; P<0.001 and P<0.05, respectively) and increased IL-10 levels (81.0 % and 85.1 %; both P<0.05) and the IL-10/TNF-α ratio (171.5 % and 119.8 %; P<0.001 and P<0.05, respectively) in the gastrocnemius in the 3 J/cm(2)-HF and 21 J/cm(2)-HF groups. LLLT showed systemic and skeletal muscle anti-inflammatory effects in rats with HF.

Can low-level laser therapy (LLLT) associated with an aerobic plus resistance training change the cardiometabolic risk in obese women? A placebo-controlled clinical trial

“…In a recent study, the authors observed that LLLT can modulate the balance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, both systemically and peripherally in lean rats [40]. Other study shows that laser irradiation with wavelength of 808 nm, similar with our study, in coronary artery, results in increase of anti-inflammatory and decrease in the pro-inflammatory interleukins levels [41].…”

Ultrasound Modulates Skeletal Muscle Cytokine Levels in Rats with Heart Failure

“…Systemically, our results also indicate no significant difference between Sham and HF rats with respect to the effect of TU on pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Similarly, a recent study from our group reported no difference in plasma TNF-a levels in HF rats (Hentschke et al 2013). However, other studies have reported increases in TNF-a, and IL-6 levels and decreases in IL-10 levels in HF models (Francis et al 2004;Nunes et al 2008;Sugita et al 2008).…”

“…Pressure analogue signals were digitalized by a data acquisition system (AT/Codas, Dataq Instruments, Akron, OH, USA) at a sampling rate of 2,000 Hz. These data were used to determine mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular maximum change in pressure over time (1dP/dt max ), left ventricular minimum change in pressure over time (-dP/dt min ) and left ventricular enddiastolic pressure (LVEDP) (Hentschke et al 2013;Nunes et al 2008). The last parameter was determined manually by detecting the point of inflection to the end of the diastole via analysis of the ventricular pressure wave.…”

“…Myocardial infarction was induced according to the method of Pfeffer et al (1979), which is the method usually used by our research group (Hentschke et al 2013;Jaenisch et al 2011;Nunes et al 2008). The heart was exposed through left thoracotomy between the fourth and fifth ribs.…”

Chronic electroacupuncture of the ST36 point improves baroreflex function and haemodynamic parameters in heart failure rats

“…Animals were maintained at Guedel's anaesthetic level III (Hecker et al, 1983;Colman et al, 2002). Myocardial infarction was induced as previously described (Pfeffer et al, 1979;Hentschke et al, 2013). The thoracotomy was performed at the level of the left fourth intercostal space, the pericardium was cut and the left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated with a 6.0 mono nylon wire.…”