Low-Level Laser Therapy in Acute Pain: A Systematic Review of Possible Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Effects in Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials

Bjordal, Jan Magnus; Johnson, Mark I.; Iversen, Vegard Vereide; Aimbire, Flávio; Lopes-Martins, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão

doi:10.1089/pho.2006.24.158

Cited by 479 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…No presente estudo foi utilizado o laser de 670 nm, com doses de 2 e 4 J/cm 2 , embasadas pelo estudo de Bjordal et al (17) , que realizaram revisão sistemática sobre os efeitos de curto prazo, biológicos e clínicos, da terapia laser de baixa potência em dor aguda, provocada por lesões em tecidos moles. Relatam forte evidência, de estudos controlados laboratoriais, que o laser pode modular a dor inflamatória, por reduzir os níveis de marcadores bioquímicos (PGE 2 , RNAm de COX-2, IL-1β, TNFα), influxo de células neutrofílicas, estresse oxidativo, formação de edema e hemorragia, de forma dose-dependente, com dose mediana de 7,5 J/cm 2 , com variação de 0,3-19 J/cm 2 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Uso do laser, 670 nm, no quadro álgico de ratos submetidos à modelo experimental de ciatalgia

Cunha¹,

Moesch

Mallmann

et al. 2008

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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A ciatalgia deve-se a compressão do nervo isquiático em algum ponto de seu trajeto, e seu tratamento consiste em solucionar a causa da compressão nervosa, seja por tratamento cirúrgico ou conservador. Alguns recursos fisioterapêuticos atuam basicamente na redução dos sintomas ocasionados por este distúrbio. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a eficácia do laser 670 nm, em duas diferentes densidades de energia, na redução do quadro álgico, em ratos submetidos a modelo experimental de ciatalgia. Foram utilizados 18 ratos, divididos em 3 grupos: G1 (n=6) submetidos à ciatalgia e simulado o tratamento (grupo placebo), G2 (n=6) submetido à ciatalgia e tratados com laser 2 J/cm², G3 (n=6) submetidos à ciatalgia e irradiados com laser 4 J/cm². O nervo isquiático do membro posterior direito dos animais foi exposto e compressão com fio catgut em 4 pontos ao redor do nervo foi realizada. No 3° dia pós-operatório, iniciou-se o tratamento com laser na região do procedimento cirúrgico do membro posterior direito durante 10 dias consecutivos. Verificou-se por meio da marcha, o tempo em que o membro permanecia no ar nos períodos: anterior à ciatalgia, pré e pós-tratamento. Os resultados demonstraram que o laser não foi eficaz na redução do quadro álgico, porém com 4 J/cm² houve efeito positivo, sem restabelecimento completo da funcionalidade.Palavras-chave: laser de baixa potência, dor, nervo isquiático. ABSTRACTSciatica is caused by the sciatic nerve compression in some point of its course, and its treatment consists of solving the nervous compression cause, either by surgical or conservative treatment. Some physiotherapeutic resources act basically in the reduction of the symptoms caused by this disturbance. The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of the laser 670 nm, in two different energy densities, in the pain reduction, in rats submitted to a sciatica experimental model. Eighteen rats, divided in 3 groups were used: G1 (n=6) submitted to sciatica and simulated treatment (placebo group), G2 (n=6) submitted to sciatica and treated with laser 2 J/cm², G3 (n=6) submitted to sciatica and irradiated with laser 4 J/cm². The hamstring nerve of the animals' right hind limb was exposed and compression with catgut thread in 4 points of the nerve was performed. On the 3rd post-operation day, the treatment was begun with laser in the surgical procedure area of the right hind limb for 10 days. The time during which the limb remained on the air was verified through gait in the following periods: previous to the sciatica, before and after treatment. The results have demonstrated that the laser was not effective in the pain reduction; however, with 4 J/cm² there was positive effect, without complete functionality reestablishment.Keywords: low level laser therapy, pain, sciatic nerve. INTRODUÇÃOA ciatalgia pode ser considerada como uma síndrome dolorosa referida, na qual a dor é percebida na extremidade do membro inferior, na ausência de qualquer distúrbio local (1) . Este quadro deve-se a compressão do nervo isquiático...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Uso do laser, 670 nm, no quadro álgico de ratos submetidos à modelo experimental de ciatalgia

Cunha¹,

Moesch

Mallmann

et al. 2008

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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“…In the present case, the patient showed a decrease in pain after the 1st LPT session and after 4 sessions the mucositis score was lowered from 3 to 2. LPT caused an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect, improving quality of life, reducing the need for analgesics and the medical costs for the patient (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser phototherapy as a treatment for radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis

Lino

Carvalho

Oliveira³

et al. 2011

Braz. Dent. J.

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Oral mucositis is a harmful side effect of radiotherapy (RT) on the head and neck region. There are encouraging reports on the beneficial aspects of the use of laser light on the treatment of oral mucositis. This paper reports the efficacy of laser phototherapy (LPT) on the treatment of oral mucositis in a patient undergoing RT after surgical removal of a squamous cell carcinoma with osseous invasion of the maxilla. Palatal and commissural lesions were treated with l660 nm, 40 mW, ∅=4 mm 2 , in contact mode, 5 x 2.4 J/cm 2 per point, 14.4 J/cm 2 per session. For treating the lesion on the patient's nasal mucosa, LPT (∅=4 mm 2 , l780 nm, 70 mW, 3 x 2.1 J/cm 2 per point, 6.3 J/cm 2 per session, contact mode) was used on the external area of the nose. A single dose (2.4 J/cm 2 ) with the l660 nm laser, as described before, was applied on the entrance of each nostril. LPT was used 3 times/week during 4 weeks. Treatment results indicate that the use of LPT on oral mucositis was effective and allowed the patient to carry on the RT without interruption. However, long-term and controlled clinical trials are necessary to establish both preventive and curative protocols using LPT.

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“…Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) has been evaluated experimentally by in vitro and in vivo studies as well as in clinical cases 1 . The mechanism that leads to a positive effect of LLLT on the tissues is not completely understood and its therapeutic role remains controversial 1,2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism that leads to a positive effect of LLLT on the tissues is not completely understood and its therapeutic role remains controversial 1,2 . There are some hypotheses that light energy is absorbed by intracellular chromophores, such as porphyrins and cytochromes, and converted to metabolic energy involving the respiratory chain 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conflicting results on the effects of laser stimulation on tissues reported in some studies may be related to the great variety of treatment protocols, animal models and cellular culture models used 1 . In addition, the effects depend on the physiological state of the cell or tissue at the moment of exposure, the density of the applied energy as well as the wavelength and frequency of application 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-level laser on femoral growth plate in rats

Oliveira¹,

Rahal

Pereira

et al. 2012

Acta Cir. Bras.

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PURPOSE:To determine the influence of low-level laser therapy on femoral growth plate in rats. METHODS:Thirty male Wistar rats aged 40 days were divided into two groups, G1 and G2. In G1 the area of the distal growth plate of the right femur was irradiated at one point using GaAlAs laser 830 nm wavelength, output power of 40 mW, at an energy density of 10 J/cm 2 . The irradiation was performed daily for a maximum of 21 days. The same procedure was done in G2, but the probe was turned off. Five animals in each group were euthanized on days 7, 14 and 21 and submitted to histomorphometric analysis. RESULTS:In both groups the growth plate was radiographically visible at all moments from both craniocaudal and mediolateral views.On the 21st day percentage of femoral longitudinal length was higher in G2 than G1 compared to basal value while hypertrophic zone chondrocyte numbers were higher in G1 than G2. Calcified cartilage zone was greater in G1 than in G2 at all evaluation moments.Angiogenesis was higher in G1 than in G2 at 14th and 21st days. CONCLUSION:The low-level laser therapy negatively influenced the distal femoral growth plate.Key words: Lasers. Bone Development. Chondrocytes. Laser Therapy, Low-Level. Rats. RESUMO OBJETIVO:Determinar a influência do Laser Terapêutico de Baixa Potência sobre a placa de crescimento de ratos. MÉTODOS:Trinta ratos Wistar machos com 40 dias de idade foram divididos em dois grupos, G1 e G2. O grupo G1 foi submetido à irradiação com laser GaAlAs 830 nm, potência de saída de 40 mW, e densidade de energia de 10 J/cm2. A irradiação foi aplicada diariamente por um período máximo de 21 dias. O mesmo procedimento foi realizado no grupo G2, com a probe desativada. Cinco animais em cada grupo foram sacrificados nos dias 7, 14 e 21 e submetidas à análise histomorfométrica. RESULTADOS:Em ambos os grupos, o disco fisário esteve radiograficamente visível em todos os momentos nas incidências craniocaudal e médio-lateral. No 21º dia a porcentagem de comprimento longitudinal do fêmur foi maior em G1 que em G2 em relação ao valor basal, e o número de condrócitos da zona hipertrófica foi maior em G1 que em G2. A zona de cartilagem calcificada estava maior em G1 em relação a G2 em todos os momentos de avaliação. A angiogênese foi maior em G1 que em G2 nos 14º e 21º dias. CONCLUSÃO:A terapia com laser terapêutico de baixa potência influenciou negativamente o disco fisário distal do fêmur de ratos.Descritores: Lasers. Desenvolvimento Ósseo. Condrócitos. Terapia a Laser de Baixa Intensidade. Ratos.Oliveira SP et al.

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Low-Level Laser Therapy in Acute Pain: A Systematic Review of Possible Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Effects in Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials

Cited by 479 publications

References 77 publications

Uso do laser, 670 nm, no quadro álgico de ratos submetidos à modelo experimental de ciatalgia

Uso do laser, 670 nm, no quadro álgico de ratos submetidos à modelo experimental de ciatalgia

Laser phototherapy as a treatment for radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis

Low-level laser on femoral growth plate in rats

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