Low Order Continuum-Based Liquid Sloshing Formulation for Vehicle System Dynamics

Wang, Liang; Octavio, Jesús Ramon Jiménez; Cheng, Wei; Shabana, Ahmed A.

doi:10.1115/1.4027836

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Using higher-order ANCF solid elements, fewer elements are needed to model the liquid sloshing compared to the conventional FE method and the FE/FFR approach. 8 These ANCF elements can also accurately capture the initial shape as well as the complex shapes that result from the liquid sloshing as previously explained in this paper.…”

Section: Ancf Fluid Constitutive Equationsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…5,6 In railroad transportation, liquid sloshing can have a significant effect on railroad vehicle dynamics, especially in curve negotiation and traction and braking scenarios. 7,8 Although statistics show that most of the accidents were caused by misuse or careless driving by the operator, extensive mathematical and empirical studies must be performed to examine the effect of liquid sloshing on vehicle dynamics and stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16,17 In order to address this concern, a lower order model based on the floating frame of reference (FFR) formulation was proposed. 8 While such a continuum-based approach results in a significant computational cost reduction, it has some limitations in the case of large displacement and complex geometry liquid sloshing problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of geometry and analysis for the study of liquid sloshing in railroad vehicle dynamics

Shi

Wang

Nicolsen

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K:

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A new continuum-based liquid sloshing approach that accounts for the effect of complex fluid and tank-car geometry on railroad vehicle dynamics is developed in this investigation. A unified geometry/analysis mesh is used from the outset to examine the effect of liquid sloshing on railroad vehicle dynamics during curve negotiation and during the application of electronically controlled pneumatic (ECP) brakes that produce braking forces uniformly and simultaneously across all cars. Using a non-modal approach, the geometry of the tank-car and fluid is accurately defined, a continuum-based fluid constitutive model is employed, and a fluid-tank contact algorithm is developed. The liquid sloshing model is integrated with a three-dimensional multibody system (MBS) railroad vehicle algorithm which accounts for the nonlinear wheel/rail contact. The three-dimensional wheel/rail contact force formulation used in this study accounts for the longitudinal, lateral, and spin creep forces that influence the vehicle stability. In order to examine the effect of the liquid sloshing on the railroad vehicle dynamics during curve negotiation, a general and precise definition of the outward inertia force is defined, and in order to correctly capture the fluid and tank-car geometry, the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) is used. The balance speed and centrifugal effects in the case of tank-car partially filled with liquid are studied and compared with the equivalent rigid body model in curve negotiation and braking scenarios. In particular, the results obtained in the case of the ECP brake application of two freight car model are compared with the results obtained when using conventional braking. The traction analysis shows that liquid sloshing has a significant effect on the load distribution between the front and rear trucks. A larger coupler force develops when using conventional braking compared with ECP braking, and the liquid sloshing contributes to amplifying the coupler force in the ECP braking case compared to the equivalent rigid body model which does not capture the fluid nonlinear inertia effects. Furthermore, the results obtained in this study show that liquid sloshing can exacerbate the unbalance effects when the rail vehicle negotiates a curve at a velocity higher than the balance speed.

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Section: Ancf Fluid Constitutive Equationsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of geometry and analysis for the study of liquid sloshing in railroad vehicle dynamics

Shi

Wang

Nicolsen

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K:

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“…In order to establish the dynamic model of flexible MBSs with liquid, Wang et al. 30 developed a low-order continuum-based liquid sloshing model by using floating frame reference (FFR) formulation which can be successfully integrated with MBS algorithms. However, due to the large rotation and small deformation characteristics of FFR method, the fluid should be divided into a large number of elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absolute nodal coordinate finite element approach to the two-dimensional liquid sloshing problems

Pan

Cao

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K:

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Two-dimensional large-amplitude liquid sloshing in the rectangular rigid container is numerically simulated through absolute nodal coordinate finite element method, which can describe the large deformation of continuum by using a small number of elements. The incompressible constraint of Newtonian fluid is imposed by the penalty function method. Furthermore, the motion of rigid container is described by absolute nodal coordinate reference node and the liquid kinetic equations are derived in the total Lagrangian formulation, which can easily be combined with the solid nonlinear finite element and the multi-body system algorithms. The free sliding and non-penetrating boundary constraint equations for rectangular tank are derived. To ensure the stability and the conservation of the solution in long time simulations, the system dynamic equations are solved by Bathe integral scheme. Three numerical examples are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, including the free spreading of a square liquid column and the large amplitude sloshing of liquid under rotational and horizontal excitations. A good consistency is obtained by comparing the calculated results with experimental and other numerical results reported in the literature.

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“…10,15,21 A number of studies on partly filled road containers have employed CFD methods, which are known to impose extensive computational demands. 5,20 Shi et al 5 proposed a continuum-based fluid constitutive model coupled with a fluid-tank contact algorithm. The model was used to evaluate the tank car responses during curving and ECP braking tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of coupled dynamics of a railway tank car and liquid cargo subject to a switch-passing maneuver

Ashtiani

Rakheja

Ahmed

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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The movement of the liquid cargo within a partly filled tank car is known to impose additional slosh forces and moments that may adversely affect the dynamic responses of the vehicle. This study is aimed at analyzing the liquid cargo slosh in a partly filled tank car and its effects on vehicle responses during a switch-passing maneuver. A two-dimensional analytical liquid slosh model is formulated for the analyses of the liquid load shift in the roll plane, lateral slosh force, and roll moment through summation of first four antisymmetric modes of the liquid. The analytical slosh model is integrated to a 114 degrees-of-freedom multibody dynamic model of the railway tank car comprising nonlinear wheel–rail contact and contact pairs of the suspension system. The validity of the slosh model is illustrated by comparing the responses with those reported in other studies and those obtained from a nonlinear computational fluid dynamic model. The coupled fluid–vehicle model is subsequently used to study the effects of fluid slosh during switch-passing maneuvers on different response measures, namely roll motion of the tank car, lateral and vertical wheel–rail contact forces, and derailment ratio. The significance of the liquid cargo slosh in the partially filled state is demonstrated by comparing the responses with those of the car with equivalent rigid cargo. The results show that liquid sloshing within the partly filled car can lead to higher magnitudes of car body roll angle and thereby the unloading ratio compared to the conventional rigid cargo car. Switch-passing critical speeds are further identified for different fill ratios and switch geometries. For fill ratios below 80%, the switch-passing critical speeds of the partly filled car are substantially lower compared to those of the equivalent rigid cargo car. Neglecting the contributions due to dynamic slosh force and roll moment arising from a partially filled railway tank car may thus lead to underestimation of the critical speed in switch-passing maneuvers.

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Low Order Continuum-Based Liquid Sloshing Formulation for Vehicle System Dynamics

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Integration of geometry and analysis for the study of liquid sloshing in railroad vehicle dynamics

Integration of geometry and analysis for the study of liquid sloshing in railroad vehicle dynamics

Absolute nodal coordinate finite element approach to the two-dimensional liquid sloshing problems

Investigation of coupled dynamics of a railway tank car and liquid cargo subject to a switch-passing maneuver

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