Low pH regulates the production of deoxynivalenol by Fusarium graminearum

Gardiner, Donald M.; Osborne, Sheree; Kazan, Kemal; Manners, John M.

doi:10.1099/mic.0.029546-0

Cited by 110 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…4A). This observation is consistent with previous studies (Gardiner et al, 2009b, Merhej et al, 2010. However, the FgDPac1 strain showed a behaviour similar to the wild-type strain since the toxin was produced under acidic pH conditions (MSM and BMS3) but was still not detected under neutral pH (BMS6.5).…”

Section: Fgpac1 Mutations Are Able To Affect Trichothecene Productionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…A variety of amines were also identified as potent inducers of DON production (Gardiner et al, 2009a). In addition to those factors, it has been recently reported that low extra-cellular pH both promotes and is required for toxin production in F. graminearum (Gardiner et al, 2009b;Merhej et al, 2010). However, the mechanism by which pH regulates trichothecenes remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The pH regulatory factor Pac1 regulates Tri gene expression and trichothecene production in Fusarium graminearum

Merhej

Richard‐Forget

Barreau

2011

Fungal Genetics and Biology

113

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Fgpac1 Mutations Are Able To Affect Trichothecene Productionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The pH regulatory factor Pac1 regulates Tri gene expression and trichothecene production in Fusarium graminearum

Merhej

Richard‐Forget

Barreau

2011

Fungal Genetics and Biology

113

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Reduced nitrogen sources such as the amines putrescine and arginine in combination with a low pH are also excellent in vitro inducers of DON production (Gardiner et al, 2009a(Gardiner et al, , 2009cMerhej et al, 2011). Putrescine and arginine accumulate in F. graminearum infected wheat heads (Gardiner et al, 2010) and their biosynthesis is known to be upregulated in plants during defence responses (Haggag and Abd-El-Kareem, 2009;Walters, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-throughput FACS-based mutant screen identifies a gain-of-function allele of the Fusarium graminearum adenylyl cyclase causing deoxynivalenol over-production

Blum

Benfield

Stiller

et al. 2016

Fungal Genetics and Biology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

., High-throughput FACS-based mutant screen identifies a gain-of-function allele of the Fusarium graminearum adenylyl cyclase causing deoxynivalenol over-production, Fungal Genetics and Biology (2016), doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.fgb. 2016.02.005 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. ABSTRACTFusarium head blight and crown rot, caused by the fungal plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum, impose a major threat to global wheat production. During the infection, plants are contaminated with mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON), which can be toxic for humans and animals. In addition, DON is a major virulence factor during wheat infection. However, it is not fully understood how DON production is regulated in F. graminearum. In order to identify regulators of DON production, a high-throughput mutant screen using Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) of a mutagenized TRI5-GFP reporter strain was established and a mutant over-producing DON under repressive conditions identified. A gain-of-function mutation in the F. graminearum adenylyl cyclase (FAC1), which is a known positive regulator of DON production, was identified as the cause of this phenotype through genome sequencing and segregation analysis. Our results show that the high-throughput mutant screening procedure developed here can be applied for identification of fungal proteins involved in diverse processes.

show abstract

“…graminearum (Gardiner et al, 2009c). Thus, DON production and fusatin production in F. pseudograminearum seem to share regulatory networks, as both are induced by asparagine, however their regulatory networks also seem to diverge at some point, as more DON is produced in citrulline than in asparagine, but no fusatin could be detected in citrulline.…”

Section: Cellular Developmental Changes and Subcellular Reorganizatiomentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation and cell biology of secondary metabolite production in Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium pseudograminearum

Blum¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1 AbstractAscomycete fungi have the potential to produce a vast array of secondary metabolites, which are metabolites not required for normal growth and development. In any one species there is typically the potential for production of upward of fifty of these compounds. Many fungal secondary metabolites are used as medicines (e.g. penicillin or cyclosporine), or are of importance due to their toxicity in humans or animals (e.g. aflatoxins), or because they are virulence factors during crop plant infection (e.g. deoxynivalenol). Despite the vast potential encoded in ascomycete genomes, the vast majority of fungal secondary metabolites are yet to be discovered. This is in part due to our lack of understanding of how the production of these compounds is regulated. Moreover, even for the compounds we do know, we are just beginning to understand the complex interaction of external stimuli, signalling pathways, cellular and developmental biology that leads to their production. In this thesis, biological insights into these aspects of two fungal secondary metabolites, deoxynivalenol (DON) and fusatin are provided.In chapter II a high-throughput fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) based mutant screen was developed and the regulation of DON production in Fusarium graminearum was analysed. DON is an economically very important mycotoxin, as it is the most common contaminant of wheat, barley and corn worldwide. It is produced by plant pathogenic filamentous fungi of the Fusarium family, which can cause Fusarium head blight as well as Fusarium crown rot. During plant infection, DON is an important virulence factor and it can be toxic for humans and animals. The regulation of DON production is not yet fully understood. To identify regulators, a mutant screen was developed using FACS to allow high throughput screening, coupled with whole genome sequencing to identify mutations.Segregation analyses were performed to determine the mutation causing the phenotype.The mutant screen identified an adenylyl cyclase allele, which resulted in production of DON under normally repressive conditions. In addition, the mutant developed cellular structures associated with toxin production under repressive conditions. The levels of the fundamental second messenger cAMP, which adenylyl cyclases produce, were increased in the identified mutant, suggesting it might be a gain-of-function adenylyl cyclase mutant. This mutant screening methodology can be adapted to identify regulators of different secondary metabolites as well as to identify mutants overproducing yet unknown secondary metabolites. Abstract 2In chapter III the cell biology of DON production in Fusarium graminearum was elucidated with quantitative super resolution microscopy. During the last five years the first insights into the cell biology of DON production were gained, indicating complex cell biological mechanisms. During toxin production, F. graminearum develops endoplasmic reticulum proliferations, called toxisomes, at which two DON biosynthesis enzymes, TRI1 a...

show abstract

Low pH regulates the production of deoxynivalenol by Fusarium graminearum

Cited by 110 publications

References 36 publications

The pH regulatory factor Pac1 regulates Tri gene expression and trichothecene production in Fusarium graminearum

The pH regulatory factor Pac1 regulates Tri gene expression and trichothecene production in Fusarium graminearum

High-throughput FACS-based mutant screen identifies a gain-of-function allele of the Fusarium graminearum adenylyl cyclase causing deoxynivalenol over-production

Regulation and cell biology of secondary metabolite production in Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium pseudograminearum

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About