Low post-glacial rebound rates in the Weddell Sea due to Late Holocene ice-sheet readvance

Bradley, Sarah; Hindmarsh, Richard C. A.; Whitehouse, Pippa L.; Bentley, Michael J.; King, Matt

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.039

Cited by 67 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This scenario is supported by radar sounding of ice sheet structures that reveals Institute ice stream was affected by flow switching at some time in the Holocene3233. Finally, the mid- to late-Holocene thinning is consistent with both delayed deglaciation and stability or recent thickening in the past few millennia as indicated by global positioning system (GPS)-derived vertical uplift rates and glacial isostatic adjustment modelling1827.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Mid-Holocene pulse of thinning in the Weddell Sea sector of the West Antarctic ice sheet

et al. 2016

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Establishing the trajectory of thinning of the West Antarctic ice sheet (WAIS) since the last glacial maximum (LGM) is important for addressing questions concerning ice sheet (in)stability and changes in global sea level. Here we present detailed geomorphological and cosmogenic nuclide data from the southern Ellsworth Mountains in the heart of the Weddell Sea embayment that suggest the ice sheet, nourished by increased snowfall until the early Holocene, was close to its LGM thickness at 10 ka. A pulse of rapid thinning caused the ice elevation to fall ∼400 m to the present level at 6.5–3.5 ka, and could have contributed 1.4–2 m to global sea-level rise. These results imply that the Weddell Sea sector of the WAIS contributed little to late-glacial pulses in sea-level rise but was involved in mid-Holocene rises. The stepped decline is argued to reflect marine downdraw triggered by grounding line retreat into Hercules Inlet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Mid-Holocene pulse of thinning in the Weddell Sea sector of the West Antarctic ice sheet

et al. 2016

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“…It has been assumed that the retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) has been monotonic since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), 26–14 thousand years (kyr) before present (BP) (Bentley et al, ; Conway et al, ; Hillenbrand et al, ) and is currently at its maximum inland location. However, recent evidence suggests that the WAIS has readvanced in the Ross and Weddell Sea sectors following a post‐LGM maximum retreat (Bradley et al, ; Kingslake et al, ; Siegert et al, ). Other work points to a reconfiguration of ice flow within the last 10 kyr in these sectors (Bingham et al, ; Brisbourne et al, ; Catania et al, , ; Fahnestock et al, ; Hulbe & Fahnestock, ; Kingslake et al, ; Winter et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene Formation of Henry Ice Rise, West Antarctica, Inferred From Ice‐Penetrating Radar

Wearing

Kingslake

2019

JGR Earth Surface

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Ice rises are regions of grounded ice embedded within floating ice shelves. The deformation of ice past them increases the back stress generated by the ice shelf, slowing the flow of the ice sheet. We present ground‐based ice‐penetrating radar data from Henry Ice Rise in the Ronne Ice Shelf, West Antarctica, that indicates regrounding during the Holocene. Relic crevasses and melt synclines are observed upstream of the present‐day grounding line. We conclude that these features formed during a previous flow configuration, from which the grounding line has since advanced to its current position. In agreement with previous work, our observations can be explained if initial grounding of the ice shelf occurred on a bathymetric high, forming an ice rumple that migrated upstream and temporarily ungrounded over the topographic high. The grounding line then advanced, preserving relic basal crevasses in the newly grounded ice. Using a simple ice‐flow model, we simulate the burial of these crevasses. While accounting for uncertainty in accumulation, firn density, radar‐derived depth, ice‐thickening history, initial crevasse height, and glacial isostatic adjustment, we estimate a burial time of 6 ± 2 kyr before present for the oldest relic crevasses, indicating that the ice rise formed at approximately this time. This potentially increased the buttressing generated by the Ronne Ice Shelf, causing thickening and advance of the ice sheet. By dating the formation and providing details of ice‐rise formation, these new results can provide useful constraints on both large‐scale ice‐sheet models and models of ice‐rumple and ice‐rise formation.

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“…More recently, observations of a mid-Holocene highstand throughout the low latitudes led to recognition of the ocean syphoning process , while disparate 735 observations relating to the magnitude of the Pliocene highstand led to advances in the modelling of GIA over multiple glacial cycles (Raymo et al, 2011). Sea-level observations, and more recently GPS observations, have often been the motivation for developing new hypotheses relating to the history of the major ice sheets (Bradley et al, 2015) and the processes governing ice dynamics . Future progress is likely to be made by fully integrating a number of different disciplines, i.e.…”

Section: Coupled Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Whitehouse¹

2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) describes the response of the solid Earth, the gravitational field, and 5 consequently the oceans to the growth and decay of the global ice sheets. It is a process that takes place relatively rapidly, triggering 100 m-scale changes in sea level and solid Earth deformation over just a few tens of thousands of years. Indeed, the first-order effects of GIA could already be quantified several hundred years ago without reliance on precise measurement techniques and scientists have been developing a unifying theory for the observations for over 200 years. Progress towards this goal required a number of significant breakthroughs to be made, including the recognition that ice sheets were once 10 more extensive, the solid Earth changes shape over time, and gravity plays a central role in determining the pattern of sealevel change. This article describes in detail the historical development of the field of GIA and an overview of the processes involved. Significant recent progress has been made as concepts associated with GIA have begun to be incorporated into parallel fields of research; these advances are discussed, along with the role that GIA is likely to play in addressing outstanding research questions within the field of Earth system modelling. 15

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Low post-glacial rebound rates in the Weddell Sea due to Late Holocene ice-sheet readvance

Cited by 67 publications

References 51 publications

Mid-Holocene pulse of thinning in the Weddell Sea sector of the West Antarctic ice sheet

Mid-Holocene pulse of thinning in the Weddell Sea sector of the West Antarctic ice sheet

Holocene Formation of Henry Ice Rise, West Antarctica, Inferred From Ice‐Penetrating Radar

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

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