Low-pressure solubility of gases in liquid water

Wilhelm, Emmerich; Battino, Rubin; Wilcock, Robert J.

doi:10.1021/cr60306a003

Cited by 1,699 publications

(1,012 citation statements)

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“…Based on the partial pressure (p i ), the numbers of moles n i,g of each gas species contained in V gas +V inj (where V inj is the measured volume of the gas injection line) are calculated through the ideal gas law. After computing the partial pressures in the headspace of the vials (p i,g =(p i *(V gas +V inj ))/V gas ), the number of moles of each gas species n i,l remaining in the liquid are calculated by means of the Henry's law (constants from Wilhelm et al, 1977), assuming that the gas phase separated in the headspace of the vial is in equilibrium with the liquid at laboratory temperature. The sum n i,g + n i,l gives the total moles of each gas species in the water sample.…”

Section: Field and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and biochemical evidence of lake overturn and fish kill at Lake Averno, Italy

Caliro

Chiodini

Izzo

et al. 2008

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Section: Field and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and biochemical evidence of lake overturn and fish kill at Lake Averno, Italy

Caliro

Chiodini

Izzo

et al. 2008

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…We then measured the CH 4 concentration in the headspace using a GC-2014 gas chromatograph (Shimadzu, Addison, Illinois, USA) equipped with a flame ionization detector and a PLOT (porous layer open tubular) alumina column (detector temperature 250 • C, oven 40 • C, high-purity helium as carrier gas). Dissolved CH 4 concentrations were calculated from headspace CH 4 concentrations using a temperaturedependent Henry's law constant (Wilhelm et al, 1977). Dissolved oxygen (O 2 ) concentrations were measured simultaneously with water temperature using a Clark-type microelectrode on the calibrated Hach DS5 Multiprobe Sonde (Sect.…”

Section: S Greene Et Al: Modeling the Impediment Of Methane Ebullitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the impediment of methane ebullition bubbles by seasonal lake ice

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Microbial methane (CH 4 ) ebullition (bubbling) from anoxic lake sediments comprises a globally significant flux to the atmosphere, but ebullition bubbles in temperate and polar lakes can be trapped by winter ice cover and later released during spring thaw. This "ice-bubble storage" (IBS) constitutes a novel mode of CH 4 emission. Before bubbles are encapsulated by downward-growing ice, some of their CH 4 dissolves into the lake water, where it may be subject to oxidation. We present field characterization and a model of the annual CH 4 cycle in Goldstream Lake, a thermokarst (thaw) lake in interior Alaska. We find that summertime ebullition dominates annual CH 4 emissions to the atmosphere. Eighty percent of CH 4 in bubbles trapped by ice dissolves into the lake water column in winter, and about half of that is oxidized. The ice growth rate and the magnitude of the CH 4 ebullition flux are important controlling factors of bubble dissolution. Seven percent of annual ebullition CH 4 is trapped as IBS and later emitted as ice melts. In a future warmer climate, there will likely be less seasonal ice cover, less IBS, less CH 4 dissolution from trapped bubbles, and greater CH 4 emissions from northern lakes.

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“…In addition, the contribution of the solvation heat capacity has been recognized recently [20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27]. In general, the dissolution of hydrophobic particles is accompanied with an increase of the associated heat capacity [28,29,30]. As a consequence, the dissolution of a hydrophobic particle is found to be increasingly enthalpically stabilized with decreasing temperature [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature and high-pressure induced swelling of a hydrophobic polymer-chain in aqueous solution

Paschek

Nonn

Geiger

2005

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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We report molecular dynamics simulations of a hydrophobic polymer-chain in aqueous solution between 260 K and 420 K at pressures of 1 bar, 3000 bar, and 4500 bar. The simulations reveal a hydrophobically collapsed state at low pressures and high temperatures. At 3000 bar and about 260 K and at 4500 bar and about 260 K, however, a transition to a swelled state is observed. The transition is driven by a smaller volume and a remarkably strong lower enthalpy of the swelled state, indicating a steep positive slope of the corresponding transition line. The swelling is stabilized almost completely by the energetically favorable state of water in the polymers hydrophobic first hydration shell at low temperatures. Although surprising, this finding is consistent with the observation of a positive heat capacity of hydrophobic solvation. Moreover, the slope and location of the observed swelling transition for the collapsed hydrophobic chain coincides remarkably well with the cold denaturation transition of proteins.

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Low-pressure solubility of gases in liquid water

Cited by 1,699 publications

References 1 publication

Geochemical and biochemical evidence of lake overturn and fish kill at Lake Averno, Italy

Geochemical and biochemical evidence of lake overturn and fish kill at Lake Averno, Italy

Modeling the impediment of methane ebullition bubbles by seasonal lake ice

Low-temperature and high-pressure induced swelling of a hydrophobic polymer-chain in aqueous solution

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