Low Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Horses in Ohio, USA

Lengacher, B. J.; Kline, Terence R.; Harpster, Laura; Williams, Michele L.; LeJeune, Jeffrey T.

doi:10.4315/0362-028x-73.11.2089

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Interestingly, this case shared housing accommodations with a goat that also shed STEC O157. The isolates from both animals had indistinguishable multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis patterns (87). A similarly low prevalence has been reported by Hancock et al, who reported that 1% of horses sampled (n = 90) tested positive for O157:H7 (85).…”

Section: Equinesupporting

confidence: 73%

“…There are also no published case reports describing the clinical features of STEC infection in horses. The available published data on the prevalence of STEC in horses (85)(86)(87)(88) and donkeys (84,89,90) indicate that they are not major reservoirs of STEC and may instead be spillover hosts. Only one of 400 horse fecal samples screened in Germany was positive for STEC.…”

Section: Equinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Animal Reservoirs of Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coli

2014

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Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains have been detected in a wide diversity of mammals, birds, fish, and several insects. Carriage by most animals is asymptomatic, thus allowing for dissemination of the bacterium in the environment without detection. Replication of the organism may occur in the gastrointestinal tract of some animals, notably ruminants. Carriage may also be passive or transient, without significant amplification of bacterial numbers while in the animal host. Animals may be classified as reservoir species, spillover hosts, or dead-end hosts. This classification is based on the animal's ability to (i) transmit STEC to other animal species and (ii) maintain STEC infection in the absence of continuous exposure. Animal reservoirs are able to maintain STEC infections in the absence of continuous STEC exposure and transmit infection to other species. Spillover hosts, although capable of transmitting STEC to other animals, are unable to maintain infection in the absence of repeated exposure. The large diversity of reservoir and spillover host species and the survival of the organism in environmental niches result in complex pathways of transmission that are difficult to interrupt.

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Section: Equinesupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Equinementioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Reservoirs of Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coli

2014

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“…Horses, particularly foals, may therefore not be important reservoirs or carriers of this serotype of E. coli in Trinidad. E. coli O157, which is a cause of haemorrhagic diarrhoea in humans [37], has been reported by others to be isolated from the faeces of horses at a low frequency of 0.4% [38] but at a higher rate (12.3%) from horse farm environments [39]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Characteristics of Enteric Pathogens Detected in Diarrhoeic and Non-Diarrhoeic Foals in Trinidad

Harris

Sankar

Small

et al. 2012

Veterinary Medicine International

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The study determined the relative importance of Escherichia coli, E. coli O157, Salmonella spp., Clostridium spp., rotavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., and Strongyloides westeri in foal (diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic) available for sampling during the foaling season of 2010 and determined their sensitivity to antimicrobial agents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 164 foals (9 diarrhoeic and 155 non-diarrhoeic) from 15 farms in Trinidad. Isolation and detection of enteric pathogens followed standard methods, and the antibiograms of E. coli and Salmonella spp. were determined using the disc diffusion method. All organisms investigated were detected except E. coli O157. A high prevalence of E. coli (85.0%), Cryptosporidium spp. (64.8%), Strongyloides westeri (35.7%) was seen, but the prevalence was comparatively low for Clostridium spp. (12.9%), Salmonella spp. (4.4%) and rotavirus (2.1%). Only Salmonella spp. was isolated at a statistically significantly ( P < 0.05; χ 2 ) higher frequency from diarrhoeic (25.0%) than non-diarrhoeic (4.0%) foals. Amongst E. coli isolates, the frequency of resistance was higher in isolates from diarrhoeic compared with non-diarrhoeic foals but the difference was only statistically significant ( P < 0.05; χ 2 ) for tetracycline. All isolates of Salmonella spp. were sensitive to streptomycin and sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, a finding that may have therapeutic significance.

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“…Cattle seem to lack vascular receptors for shiga-like toxins (Pruimboom-Brees et al, 2000). E. coli O157:H7 has also been isolated from other animals including deer (Diaz et al, 2011), sheep (Urdahl et al, 2003), horses (Lengacher et al, 2010), goats (Mersha et al, 2010), and dogs (Kataoka et al, 2010). …”

Section: General Characteristics Of E Coli O157:h7mentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli O157:H7—Clinical aspects and novel treatment approaches

Rahal¹,

Kazzi²,

Nassar³

et al. 2012

Front. Cell. Inf. Microbio.

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Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a notorious pathogen often contracted by intake of contaminated water or food. Infection with this agent is associated with a broad spectrum of illness ranging from mild diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis to the potentially fatal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Treating E. coli O157:H7 infection with antimicrobial agents is associated with an increased risk of severe sequelae such as HUS. The difficulty in treating this bacterium using conventional modalities of antimicrobial agent administration has sparked an interest in investigating new therapeutic approaches to this bacterium. These approaches have included the use of probiotic agents and natural products with variable success rates. In addition, novel modalities and regimen of antimicrobial agent administration have been assessed in an attempt at decreasing their association with aggravating infection outcomes.

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Low Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Horses in Ohio, USA

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Animal Reservoirs of Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coli

Animal Reservoirs of Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coli

Prevalence and Characteristics of Enteric Pathogens Detected in Diarrhoeic and Non-Diarrhoeic Foals in Trinidad

Escherichia coli O157:H7—Clinical aspects and novel treatment approaches

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