Low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Ugandan HIV-infected patients with and without tuberculosis

Conesa-Botella, Anali; Goovaerts, Odin; Massinga-Loembé, Marguerite; Worodria, William; Mazakpwe, Doreen; Luzinda, Kenneth; Mayanja‐Kizza, Harriet; Colebunders, R; Kestens, Luc

doi:10.5588/ijtld.11.0146

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…1,2,4,5,11,12,14,23,28,30,32–37,39,40–43,46,47 Our analysis showed that VDD was significantly associated with an increased risk of TB (OR =2.57; 95% CI =[1.74, 3.80]; P <0.00001; I 2 =83) (Figure 2B). Subgroup analysis revealed similar result for the Asian population (OR =2.62; 95% CI =[1.63, 4.23]; P <0.0001; I 2 =71); however, VDD was not associated with an increased risk of TB in the African population (OR =1.89; 95% CI =[0.82, 4.33]; P =0.13; I 2 =91) (Figure 2B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…1,4,5,11,12,14,22–28,30,35–44,46 Our analysis with a random-effect model showed a significantly lower serum/plasma 25(OH)D level in TB patients vs controls (MD =−13.05; 95% CI=[−19.02, −7.08]; P <0.0001; I 2 =96) (Figure 2A). Subgroup analysis showed similar result for the Asian population (MD =−14.64; 95% CI =[−20.15, −9.13]; P <0.00001; I 2 =89); however, there was no such significant difference for the African population (MD =−6.05; 95% CI =[−20.54, −8.43]; P =0.41; I 2 =98) (Figure 2A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…From a total of 723 potentially eligible articles, 685 were excluded because they were irrelevant to our topic here, reviews, meeting abstracts, or case-only studies, or contained no detailed data needed for our meta-analysis. A total of 38 articles were included in our meta-analysis 1,2,4,5,11,12,14,22–52…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have found that 1,25(OH)2D3 binds to vitamin D receptor (VDR), activates VDR signaling, and induces a series of antimicrobial responses such as induction of autophagy, phagolysosomal fusion, release and activation of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin, and killing of intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis 7–9. Numerous studies have been conducted to study whether VDD was associated with TB; however, they produced inconsistent and varying results 1–6,10–12. There has been one meta-analysis on association between VDD and TB, and it concluded that a lower serum vitamin D level was associated with a higher risk of active TB 13.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin D deficiency and the risk of tuberculosis: a meta-analysis

Huang

Wang

Liu

et al. 2016

DDDT

140

107

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Background and aimTo conduct meta-analyses of all published studies on various aspects of association between vitamin D and tuberculosis (TB).MethodsPubMed and Web of Knowledge were searched for all properly controlled studies on vitamin D and TB. Pooled odds ratio, mean difference or standardized mean difference, and its corresponding 95% confidence interval were calculated with the Cochrane Review Manager 5.3.ResultsA significantly lower vitamin D level was found in TB patients vs controls; vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was associated with an increased risk of TB, although such an association was lacking in the African population and in the human immunodeficiency virus-infected African population. A significantly lower vitamin D level was found in human immunodeficiency virus-TB-coinfected African patients receiving antiretroviral treatment who developed TB-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome vs those who did not develop TB-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. VDD was associated with an increased risk of developing active TB in those subjects with latent TB infection and with an increased risk of tuberculin skin test conversion/TB infection conversion, and the trend toward a lower vitamin D level in active TB patients vs latent TB infection subjects did not reach statistical significance, indicating that VDD was more likely a risk factor than a consequence of TB. This concept was further strengthened by our result that anti-TB treatment did not affect vitamin D level in TB patients receiving the treatment.ConclusionOur analyses revealed an association between vitamin D and TB. VDD is more likely a risk factor for TB than its consequence. More studies are needed to determine whether vitamin D supplementation is beneficial to TB prevention and treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin D deficiency and the risk of tuberculosis: a meta-analysis

Huang

Wang

Liu

et al. 2016

DDDT

140

107

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“…The prevalence of VDD among TB patients in Africa is reported to range from 8.5% to 62.7%. [49505152535456] This discrepancy in the frequency is probably due to the differences in geographical locations of the countries, dietary habits, baseline HIV coinfection, and techniques of vitamin D measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine dysfunction among adult patients with tuberculosis: An African experience

Kibirige¹

2014

Indian J Endocr Metab

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A broad spectrum of endocrine conditions has been reported among adult patients with tuberculosis in Africa. This review aims to describe the magnitude and pathogenesis of the following endocrinopathies among patients with tuberculosis in Africa: adrenal insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, disorders of calcium and vitamin D metabolism, thyroid dysfunction and hypogonadism. PubMed database and Google scholar were used to search for the relevant published English language studies and case reports relating to endocrine abnormalities and tuberculosis in Africa up to July 2013. The search terms used were endocrine dysfunction, endocrine abnormalities, adrenal insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction, hypogonadism, disorders of calcium and vitamin D metabolism, tuberculosis, Africa. Reference lists of the identified articles were further used to identify other studies. Adrenal insufficiency, diabetes mellitus and calcium-vitamin D abnormalities were the most prevalent and frequently reported endocrine disorders among adult patients with tuberculosis in Africa. A meticulous endocrine evaluation among tuberculosis patients with suspected endocrine abnormalities should be encouraged in Africa and other high TB endemic regions. Treatment of these endocrine disorders has generally been shown to improve quality of life and reduce mortality.

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Low incidence of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome among HIV-infected patients starting antiretroviral therapy in Gabon: a prospective cohort study

et al. 2017

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There is a paucity of data on the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in the Central African region. We followed ART-naive HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in an HIV clinic in Gabon, for 6 months. Among 101 patients, IRIS was diagnosed in five. All IRIS cases were mucocutaneous manifestations. There were no cases of tuberculosis (TB) IRIS, but active TB (n = 20) was associated with developing other forms of IRIS (p = 0.02). Six patients died. The incidence of IRIS is low in Gabon, with mild, mucocutaneous manifestations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s15010-017-1000-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Ugandan HIV-infected patients with and without tuberculosis

Abstract: The prevalence of optimal vitamin D status was relatively high in HIV-infected patients with and without TB living near the equator. No difference in 25D concentrations was observed between TB-IRIS and non-IRIS. However, 25D concentrations decreased during ART.

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Vitamin D deficiency and the risk of tuberculosis: a meta-analysis

Vitamin D deficiency and the risk of tuberculosis: a meta-analysis

Endocrine dysfunction among adult patients with tuberculosis: An African experience

Low incidence of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome among HIV-infected patients starting antiretroviral therapy in Gabon: a prospective cohort study

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