Low sensitivity of malaria rapid diagnostic tests stored at room temperature in the Brazilian Amazon Region

Gomes, Luciano Teixeira; Tada, Mauro Shugiro; Katsuragawa, Tony Hiroshi; Póvoa, Marinete Marins; Viana, Giselle Maria Rachid; Alecrim, Maria das Graças Costa; Santana-Filho, Frankllin S de; Arcanjo, Ana Ruth Lima; Couto, Alvaro A.R.A; Calvosa, Vanja Suely Pachiano; Nery, Andréia Ferreira; Fontes, Cor Jésus Fernandes

doi:10.3855/jidc.2564

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, it requires expertise particularly when the parasitemia is low but also in case of mixed infections [20]. In developing countries, microscopists are not sufficiently trained and this can lead to misidentification of the Plasmodium species [9]. The use of PCR methods can help to fill this gap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution ofPlasmodiumspecies on the island of Grande Comore on the basis of DNA extracted from rapid diagnostic tests

et al. 2016

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In the Union of Comoros, interventions for combating malaria have contributed to a spectacular decrease in the prevalence of the disease. We studied the current distribution of Plasmodium species on the island of Grande Comore using nested PCR. The rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) currently used in the Comoros are able to identify Plasmodium falciparum but no other Plasmodium species. In this study, we tested 211 RDTs (158 positive and 53 negative). Among the 158 positive RDTs, 22 were positive for HRP2, 3 were positive only for pLDH, and 133 were positive for HRP2 and pLDH. DNA was extracted from a proximal part of the nitrocellulose membrane of RDTs. A total of 159 samples were positive by nested PCR. Of those, 156 (98.11%) were positive for P. falciparum, 2 (1.25%) were positive for P. vivaxI, and 1 (0.62%) was positive for P. malariae. None of the samples were positive for P. ovale. Our results show that P. falciparum is still the most dominant species on the island of Grande Comore, but P. vivax and P. malariae are present at a low prevalence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution ofPlasmodiumspecies on the island of Grande Comore on the basis of DNA extracted from rapid diagnostic tests

et al. 2016

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“…However, this method is time-consuming and requires expertise especially in patients with low level parasitemia [4]. In many developing countries, microscopists are insufficiently trained, poorly supervised and burdened with a high work load [5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of laboratory professionals on malaria microscopy in Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia

2014

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BackgroundMicroscopic diagnosis of Giemsa stained thick and thin blood films by skilled microscopists has remained the standard laboratory method for the diagnosis of malaria. However, detection and identification of malaria parasites require well trained laboratory personnel.The objective of the study was to evaluate the performance of laboratory technologists and technicians in detecting and identifying malaria parasites in Hawassa town, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was employed among a total of 80 laboratory professionals working in public and private health facilities. A standardized pre-validated slide panel and questionnaires were distributed to laboratory professionals working at eleven health facilities in Hawassa town, Southern Ethiopia. The panels included ten slides for diagnosis, [slide1:P.falciparum, 104/μl; slide 2:P.falciparum, 53404/μl; slide 3 and 4: mixed infection (both P. falciparum and P. vivax); slide 5:P.vivax, 23503/μl; slide 6:P.vivax, 400/μl; and slides 7, 8, 9 and 10: negative slides]. Participants were asked to return the responses which were compared with expert microscopist. Agreement in detecting and identifying malaria parasites between participants and expert microscopists was estimated using the Kappa score.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 27 (SD = 4.1) years. More than half of the participants (56.9%) were female. Fourteen (19.4%) of the participants correctly reported all the ten distributed slides, whereas 58(80.6%) missed at least one slide. Overall, the sensitivity and specificity of participants in detection of malaria parasites were 82% and 96.5% respectively. The overall agreement between participants and reference readers on detection of malaria parasite was 88% (Kappa = 0.76) while on identification of malaria species was 74.3% (kappa = 0.63). Lower agreement on detection and identification of slides with low parasitic density and mixed infection were observed. Agreement was relatively lower for government health centers (69%; kappa = 0.56). None of the participants reported parasitic load per micro liter method.ConclusionAgreement of the participants with expert microscopist in the detection of malaria parasites was better than agreement in the identification of different species of malaria. Poor agreement was reported in detection of parasites at a low density and mixed infections.

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“…In addition, 0.8% of the patients were pregnant women. Despite this low percentage, pregnant women with malaria should be considered a high-risk group because the disease makes these women more susceptible to the severe forms of the disease [35], which can cause premature birth, low birth weight, anemia, and even abortion [36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of incidence and relapse or recrudescence cases of malaria in the western region of the Brazilian Amazon

Vieira

Gim

Zaqueo

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Malaria is one of the major parasitic diseases in the State of Rondônia, located in the western Brazilian Amazon. The basic treatment scheme for this disease is chloroquine and primaquine. This study evaluated the epidemiological profile of malaria in Rondônia between 2008 and 2012. Methodology: The epidemiological data were provided by the Health Surveillance Agency from the State of Rondônia, and socioeconomic indicators were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System, and from the National Institute for Space Research. The analyzed variables included year of diagnosis, gender, age group, main activity performed in the 15 days previous to the diagnosis, parasite species, level of parasitemia, number of relapse/recrudescence cases, and socioeconomic and environmental data for Rondônia. Results: A total of 238,626 cases of malaria were recorded in Rondônia during the study period. Of this total, 65.6% were men and the most prevalent age group was 20-39 years. Plasmodium vivax was the most common parasite (89.8%), followed by Plasmodium falciparum (9.4%). An average of 30.9% of the individuals who were tested presented with relapse/recrudescence malaria. The API value was highest in 2008 and lowest in 2012, corresponding to 42.3 cases and 19.2 cases per 1,000 inhabitants, respectively. Conclusions: A 58% reduction in the number of malaria cases and a 36.2% reduction in the number of relapse/recrudescence malaria cases were observed, due to increases in the economy, improvements in the health system, and reduction of deforestation in this region.

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Low sensitivity of malaria rapid diagnostic tests stored at room temperature in the Brazilian Amazon Region

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Distribution ofPlasmodiumspecies on the island of Grande Comore on the basis of DNA extracted from rapid diagnostic tests

Distribution ofPlasmodiumspecies on the island of Grande Comore on the basis of DNA extracted from rapid diagnostic tests

Performance evaluation of laboratory professionals on malaria microscopy in Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia

Reduction of incidence and relapse or recrudescence cases of malaria in the western region of the Brazilian Amazon

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