Low-Temperature Production of Ti-Al Alloys Using Ionic Liquid Electrolytes: Effect of Process Variables on Current Density, Current Efficiency, and Deposit Morphology

Abstract

Application of novel low-temperature ionic liquid electrolytes for the extraction of Ti-Al alloys was investigated. The study was focused on the production of Ti-Al alloys from AlCl 3 -1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride (BmimCl) (molar ratio of AlCl 3 and BmimCl is 2:1) at different temperatures between 70°C and 125°C ± 3°C. The Ti-Al alloys were deposited on titanium sheet (>99.9 wt pct) cathodes at various voltages between 1.5 and 3.0 V. Titanium sheet was used as the anode and its dissolution served the source of Ti ion in the electrolyte. Morphology and composition of deposited Ti-Al alloys were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and an inductively coupled plasmaoptical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The phase analysis was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD). This study was focused to determine the effect of process variables such as applied voltage and temperature on cathode current density, current efficiency, composition, and morphology of Ti-Al alloys. The Ti-Al alloys containing about 13 to 25 atom pct Ti were produced with a current efficiency of about 79 to 87 pct. This study shows that uniform and fine particle size with high titanium content Ti-Al alloy was obtained in the voltage range of 1.5 to 2.0 V and temperature between 70°C to 100°C.

Electrochemical Kinetics of Reduction of Zinc Oxide to Zinc Using 2:1 Urea/ChCl Ionic Liquid

“…The instrument was controlled from a desktop computer using Power Suite (Princeton Applied Research) software to conduct the polarization studies. A thermometer was inserted in the solution to monitor the temperature [10][11][12][13].…”

Electrochemical Preparation of Titanium and its Alloy in Ionic Liquid

“…Reddy et al attempted electrochemical production of Al-Ti alloys from AlCl 3 -BMIC-TiCl 4 (molar ratio 2:1: 0.019) and AlCl 3 -BMIC (molar ratio 2:1) ionic liquids at temperature between 70-125°C and constant voltage between 1.5-3.0 V [25,26]. The Al-Ti alloys containing about 15-27 at% Ti are produced with a current efficiency of about 25-38%.…”

Preparation of Ni and Ni-Al Alloys from 2AlCl₃/Et₃NHCl Ionic Liquid by Electrodeposition

“…相对于以上两种电解质, 酸性氯化铝型离子液 体可以在室温下操作, 没有蒸汽压, 而且具有大量 可还原成金属铝的物种, 即 Al2Cl -7 离子. 使用酸性氯 化铝型离子液体电沉积过渡金属-Al 合金已有一些 文献报道, 如 Ag-Al、 10 Co-Al、 [11][12][13][14] Cr-Al、 15 Cu-Al、 16,17 La-Al、 18 Mo-Al、 19 Mn-Al、 20 Ti-Al、 21,22 Zr-Al、 23 Al-Mo-Ti、 24 Al-Mo-Mn 25…”