Low-temperature solid-state preparation of ternary CdS/g-C 3 N 4 /CuS nanocomposites for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic H 2 -production activity

Cheng, Feiyue; Yin, Hui; Xiang, Quanjun

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.06.169

Cited by 209 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This excellent spatial separation of photogenerated charge www.advancedsciencenews.com carriers and better light utilization endowed higher photocatalytic activity of gC 3 N 4 /BiOI as compared to pure gC 3 N 4 and BiOI. Similar syn ergistic enhancement effects can be observed in other ternary or multicomponent system, such as CdS/gC 3 N 4 /CuS [148] and TiO 2 /WO 3 /gC 3 N 4 . For example, Cheng et al [146] constructed a NaYF 4 :Yb,Tm, TiO 2 , gC 3 N 4 ternary composite.…”

Section: G-c 3 N 4 -Based Conventional Type II Heterojunction Systemssupporting

confidence: 75%

g‐C₃N₄‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

2,180

937

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Thereafter, the photocatalytic degrada tion of polychlorobiphenyls [2] and photo electrocatalytic reduction of CO 2 into hydrocarbon compounds [3] in aqueous semiconductor suspensions greatly broad ened the applications of photocatalysis. Although the photocatalytic technology has got worldwide attention for its eco nomic, clean, safe, and renewable charac teristics, the photocatalytic performance of currently known photocatalysts is still far from commercial applications, especially in solartofuel conversion. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Generally, the photocatalytic reactions can be divided into three basic processes. First, the semiconductor photocatalysts absorb effective photons whose energy (h v ) is equal to or above their bandgap (E g ), resulting in the generation of electronhole pairs. Second, the photogenerated charge carriers separate and transfer to the surface of photocatalysts. Third, the photogenerated electrons and holes partic ipate in reactions of substances adsorbed on the surface of the photocatalysts. [12,13] Thus, the improvements of the three aforementioned processes play impor tant roles in enhancing the photocatalytic performance. Light absorption is the first essential step of photocatalysis process. The traditional anatase phase TiO 2 photocatalyst is active only under UV light with wavelength below 387 nm due to its wide bandgap (3.2 eV). However, solar energy is mainly concentrated in the visible light region, and UV light accounts for less than 4% of the solar spectrum. [7] In order to achieve maximum utilization efficiency of solar energy, the exploration of visiblelightresponsive photo catalysts is an urgent task. Graphitic carbon nitride (gC 3 N 4 ) as a promising visiblelightresponsive photocatalyst has received worldwide attention due to its fascinating merits, such as moderate bandgap (≈2.7 eV), proper electronic band structure, nontoxicity, low cost, good stability, and easy preparation. [14][15][16][17][18] Since the first report on photocatalytic H 2 evolution over gC 3 N 4 by Wang et al. in 2009, [19] research endeavors toward improving the photocatalytic performance of gC 3 N 4 based photocatalysts have formed a forefront of photocatalysis research. [20][21][22][23][24][25] Bulk gC 3 N 4 powder can be prepared by the thermal poly condensation of lowcost nitrogencontaining organic pre cursors, e.g., urea, thiourea, melamine, cyanamide, dicyan diamide, guanidine hydrochloride, and so on. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] The pure bulk gC 3 N 4 prepared by this method suffers from several shortcomings, including low specific surface area, insufficient visible light utilization, and, particularly, rapid recombination Photocatalysis is considered as one of the promising routes to solve the energy and environmental crises by utilizing solar energy. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) has attracted worldwide attention due to its visible-light activity, facile synthesis from low-cost materials, chemical stability, and unique layered structure. However, the pure g-C 3 N 4 photocatalys...

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Section: G-c 3 N 4 -Based Conventional Type II Heterojunction Systemssupporting

confidence: 75%

g‐C₃N₄‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

2,180

937

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“…As a metal‐free polymer semiconductor, the graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 ) has been developed as a photocatalytic material because of suitable band gap, good stability, high specific surface area and simple preparation methods . Due to a band gap of 2.7 eV, g‐C 3 N 4 is an optional photocatalyst for H 2 production in visible light range . However, bulk g‐C 3 N 4 without any co‐catalyst possesses a very low rate of hydrogen generation due to the high recombination rate of electron‐hole pairs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14][15][16] Due to a band gap of 2.7 eV, g-C 3 N 4 is an optional photocatalyst for H 2 production in visible light range. [17][18][19][20] However, bulk g-C 3 N 4 without any co-catalyst possesses a very low rate of hydrogen generation due to the high recombination rate of electron-hole pairs. Recently, great progress has been made to enhance photocatalytic activity of g-C 3 N 4 by different approaches, such as ultra-thin g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets, 21 2D/2D structure 22,23 and high-efficiency co-catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and photocatalytic H₂‐production activity of plasma‐treated Ti₃C₂T_x MXene modified graphitic carbon nitride

Zhang

Liao

et al. 2019

J Am Ceram Soc

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Plasma processing technology, as a promising method to enhance photocatalytic activity of catalyst, is gradually attracting extensive interest from researchers. However, the main mechanism of plasma‐treated photocatalyst on hydrogen production is not clear. In this work, 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene is selected as a co‐catalyst of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4), which carries out a plasma treatment (500°C) under N2/H2 atmosphere. Due to plasma treatment, there is a higher proportion Ti–O functional groups on surface of layered Ti3C2Tx MXene, especially for Ti4+. The obtained g‐C3N4/p‐Ti3C2Tx photocatalyst with sandwich‐like structure shows an enhanced photocatalytic activity. The rate of hydrogen generation of CN/pTC3.0 sample without Pt co‐catalyst is 25.4 and 2.4 times that of pure g‐C3N4 and CN/TC3.0 samples, respectively. The improved photocatalytic activity is attributed to presence of Ti4+ due to plasma treatment, which can capture photo‐induced electron from g‐C3N4 and improve the separation of electrons and holes after visible light irradiation. The cyclic hydrogen production of the photocatalyst demonstrates good photocatalytic stability. In addition, this method of plasma treatment under N2/H2 atmosphere is feasible to develop a high‐performance co‐catalyst, which can be extended to other photocatalysts with two‐dimensional structure for photocatalytic water‐splitting applications.

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“…In recent years, cadmium sulphide attracts an increasing number of attentionon due to about 2.4 eV band gap and the suitable band edge position . However, it was not directly used due to its low photocatalytic activity and unstable property . To overcome these weaknesses, a mass of attempts have been paid such as coupling with g‐C 3 N 4 and other semiconductor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationally Designed Functional Ni₂P Nanoparticles as Co–Catalyst Modified CdS@g‐C₃N₄ Heterojunction for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Wang

Jin

2019

ChemistrySelect

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Ni2P nanoparticle contained no precious metal as co‐catalyst to touch up CdS nanorods coupling with graphitic C3N4 for H2 evolution was synthesized successfully by in‐situ fabrication approach. The preparative Ni2P‐CdS/g‐C3N4 composite catalyst exerts remarkable hydrogen production activity and exhibit good photostability in 20 hour cycles. The hydrogen evolution rate is 9.9 times as high as that of pure CdS. Morphological characterization, optical results and electrochemical test proved that special CdS/g‐C3N4 enhanced the transfer of electrons on CdS and g‐C3N4, loading Ni2P co‐catalyst further increased the synergistic effect in photocatalytic properties. Several characterization results such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), The Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV‐vis DRS), Photoluminescence (PL) and nitrogen adsorption‐desorption isotherms (BET) etc. indicate that the Ni2P nanoparticles loaded on the CdS/g‐C3N4 exposed more active sites and facilitated the efficiency of photogenic electron‐hole pairs separation. Optimistically, these results were good consistent with each other. This considerable performance probablely attribute to the special conduction band (CB) and valence band (VB) of CdS and g‐C3N4 which form a heterojuction and the introduction of Ni2P as cocatalyst further extract photogenerated electrons that lower the over potential of H+ redution.

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Low-temperature solid-state preparation of ternary CdS/g-C 3 N 4 /CuS nanocomposites for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic H 2 -production activity

Cited by 209 publications

References 53 publications

g‐C₃N₄‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

g‐C₃N₄‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

Synthesis and photocatalytic H₂‐production activity of plasma‐treated Ti₃C₂T_x MXene modified graphitic carbon nitride

Rationally Designed Functional Ni₂P Nanoparticles as Co–Catalyst Modified CdS@g‐C₃N₄ Heterojunction for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

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Low-temperature solid-state preparation of ternary CdS/g-C 3 N 4 /CuS nanocomposites for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic H 2 -production activity

Cited by 209 publications

References 53 publications

g‐C3N4‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

g‐C3N4‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

Synthesis and photocatalytic H2‐production activity of plasma‐treated Ti3C2Tx MXene modified graphitic carbon nitride

Rationally Designed Functional Ni2P Nanoparticles as Co–Catalyst Modified CdS@g‐C3N4 Heterojunction for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

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Product

Resources

About

g‐C₃N₄‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

g‐C₃N₄‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

Synthesis and photocatalytic H₂‐production activity of plasma‐treated Ti₃C₂T_x MXene modified graphitic carbon nitride

Rationally Designed Functional Ni₂P Nanoparticles as Co–Catalyst Modified CdS@g‐C₃N₄ Heterojunction for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution