Low thermal fluctuations in a system heated out of equilibrium

Geitner, Mickaël; Sandoval, Felipe Aguilar; Bertin, Éric; Bellon, Ludovic

doi:10.1103/physreve.95.032138

Cited by 17 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In other words, we expect T fluc to be the temperature field averaged with a weight proportional to the local resistivity. This formula extend to electrical observables our work on the mechanical thermal noise of a microcantilever in a NESS [24].…”

Section: Extended Nyquist Formulasupporting

confidence: 57%

Extended Nyquist formula for a resistance subject to a heat flow

Monnet¹,

Ciliberto²,

Bellon³

2019

J. Stat. Mech.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Nyquist formula quantifies the thermal noise driven fluctuations of voltage across a resistance in equilibrium. We deal here with the case of a resistance driven out of equilibrium by putting it in contact with two thermostats at different temperatures. We reach a non-equilibrium steady state where a heat flux is flowing through the resistance. Our measurements demonstrate anyway that a simple extension of the Nyquist formula to the non uniform temperature field describes with an excellent precision the thermal noise. For a metallic ohmic material, the fluctuations are actually equivalent to those of a resistance in equilibrium with a single thermostat at the mean temperature between the hot and cold sources.

show abstract

Section: Extended Nyquist Formulasupporting

confidence: 57%

Extended Nyquist formula for a resistance subject to a heat flow

Monnet¹,

Ciliberto²,

Bellon³

2019

J. Stat. Mech.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the first part, we show how to estimate the temperature of the system in such conditions, through a calibration and a numerical simulation. We then demonstrate how, for a cantilever similar to the one in [12,13], we retrieve a strong dearth of fluctuations, and we interpret it through an estimation of the dissipation in the system. A discussion concludes this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…A silicon microcantilever is brought in a Non-Equilibrium Steady State (NESS) by heating its tip at hundreds of degrees higher than its base thermalised at * Corresponding author: ludovic.bellon@ens-lyon.fr room temperature. The system, subject to a strong heat flux along its length, is unaffected by this phenomenon, fluctuating as if it was in thermal equilibrium at room temperature [12,13]. These results are then interpreted thanks to a minimal extension of the FDT for a system with a non-uniform temperature, demonstrating how the fluctuations are linked to the spatial distribution of the dissipation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In this framework, the fluctuations of the cantilever depend on where the dissipation is preponderant, allowing a wide variety of possible results depending on the shape of w diss n,m (x) [12,13]. We discuss this quantity in the next section.…”

Section: B Thermal Fluctuationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the experimental estimation of ϕ n,m does not allow us to retrieve the spatial dependency of the normalised dissipation w diss n,m (x), which writes [12,13]:…”

Section: Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Thermal noise of a cryocooled silicon cantilever locally heated up to its melting point

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem (FDT) is a powerful tool to estimate the thermal noise of physical systems in equilibrium. In general however, thermal equilibrium is an approximation, or cannot be assumed at all. A more general formulation of the FDT is then needed to describe the behavior of the fluctuations. In our experiment we study a micro-cantilever brought out-ofequilibrium by a strong heat flux generated by the absorption of the light of a laser. While the base is kept at cryogenic temperatures, the tip is heated up to the melting point, thus creating the highest temperature difference the system can sustain. We independently estimate the temperature profile of the cantilever and its mechanical fluctuations, as well as its dissipation. We then demonstrate how the thermal fluctuations of all the observed degrees of freedom, though increasing with the heat flux, are much lower than what is expected from the average temperature of the system. We interpret these results thanks to a minimal extension of the FDT: this dearth of thermal noise arises from a dissipation shared between clamping losses and distributed damping.

show abstract

Tailoring the Sensitivity of Microcantilevers To Monitor the Mass of Single Adherent Living Cells

Incaviglia¹,

Herzog²,

Fläschner³

et al. 2023

Nano Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microcantilevers are widely employed as mass sensors for biological samples, from single molecules to single cells. However, the accurate mass quantification of living adherent cells is impaired by the microcantilever's mass sensitivity and cell migration, both of which can lead to detect masses mismatching by ≫50%. Here, we design photothermally actuated microcantilevers to optimize the accuracy of cell mass measurements. By reducing the inertial mass of the microcantilever using a focused ion beam, we considerably increase its mass sensitivity, which is validated by finite element analysis and experimentally by gelatin microbeads. The improved microcantilevers allow us to instantly monitor at much improved accuracy the mass of both living HeLa cells and mouse fibroblasts adhering to different substrates. Finally, we show that the improved cantilever design favorably restricts cell migration and thus reduces the large measurement errors associated with this effect.

show abstract

Low thermal fluctuations in a system heated out of equilibrium

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Extended Nyquist formula for a resistance subject to a heat flow

Extended Nyquist formula for a resistance subject to a heat flow

Thermal noise of a cryocooled silicon cantilever locally heated up to its melting point

Tailoring the Sensitivity of Microcantilevers To Monitor the Mass of Single Adherent Living Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About