Lower lean mass and higher percent fat mass in patients with Alzheimer's disease

Buffa, Roberto; Mereu, Elena; Putzu, P.; Mereu, Rosa María

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2014.07.005

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…While a recent large-scale study suggested that obesity acts as a protective factor for dementia, the reasons of these associations are unclear [ 46 ]. Moreover, in agreement with a study using BIA-assessments of lean mass and FM [ 16 ], our study identified significant associations between several refined FM measures and cognitive dysfunctions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The results of this study are comparable with the majority of studies examining the relationships between commonly assessed markers of overall adiposity, such as BMI or WC, with cognitive abilities which have reported significant positive associations [ 10 , 16 , 45 ]. While a recent large-scale study suggested that obesity acts as a protective factor for dementia, the reasons of these associations are unclear [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Complete consensus concerning the associations between these adiposity measures and cognitive impairment has not been reached. Specifically some studies have shown a significant positive association between loss of lean mass [ 11 , 16 ] or increases in FM [ 16 ] with impaired cognitive functioning, while a lack of significant associations between these measures has also been documented [ 11 , 14 ]. Regional deposition of adipose tissue has also been examined in relation to cognitive impairment [ 13 , 15 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationships between body composition characteristics and cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of older British men

et al. 2015

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BackgroundCurrent research has established obesity as one of the main modifiable risk factors for cognitive impairment. However, evidence on the relationships of total and regional body composition measures as well as sarcopenia with cognitive functioning in the older population remains inconsistent.MethodsData are based on 1,570 participants from the British Regional Heart Study (BRHS), a cohort of older British men from 24 British towns initiated in 1978–80, who were re-examined in 2010–12, aged 71–92 years. Cognitive functioning was assessed with the Test-Your-Memory cognitive screening tool. Body composition characteristics assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis included total fat mass (FM), central FM, peripheral FM, and visceral fat level. Sarcopenia was defined using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) definition of severe sarcopenia and the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) sarcopenia project criteria.ResultsAmong 1,570 men, 636 (41 %) were classified in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 133 (8 %) in the severe cognitive impairment (SCI) groups. Age-adjusted multinomial logistic regressions showed that compared with participants in the normal cognitive ageing group, those with SCI were more likely to have waist circumference >102 cm, BMI >30 kg/m2, to be in the upper quintile of total FM, central FM, peripheral FM and visceral fat level and to be sarcopenic. The relationships remained significant for total FM (RR = 2.16, 95 % CI 1.29–3.63), central FM (RR = 1.85, 95 % CI 1.09–3.14), peripheral FM (RR = 2.67, 95 % CI 1.59–4.48), visceral fat level (RR = 2.28, 95 % CI 1.32–3.94), BMI (RR = 2.25, 95 % CI 1.36–3.72) and waist circumference (RR = 1.63, 95 % CI 1.05–2.55) after adjustments for alcohol, smoking, social class, physical activity and history of cardiovascular diseases or diabetes. After further adjustments for interleukin-6 and insulin resistance, central FM, waist circumference and sarcopenia were no longer significantly associated with SCI.ConclusionsIncreased levels of peripheral FM, visceral fat level, and BMI are associated with SCI among older people. Distinct pathophysiological mechanisms link regional adipose tissue deposition and cognitive functioning.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationships between body composition characteristics and cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of older British men

et al. 2015

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“…Safer, and A. Turkey (Cintosun et al, 2014) on the recently published short article "Lower lean mass and higher percent fat mass in patients with Alzheimer's disease" (Buffa et al, 2014) strengthens some relevant results and rises interesting methodological points.…”

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confidence: 67%

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Buffa

Mereu

2014

Experimental Gerontology

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“…This observation is consistent with previous reports showing that central obesity is associated with cognitive decline and that patients with Alzheimer’s disease had lower lean tissue mass and a higher percent fat mass. 31 , 32 Similarly, the LS group also had a lower SMI, a higher BMI, and a higher percent body fat than the non-LS group. This result is consistent with our previous reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cognitive impairment associated with locomotive syndrome in community-dwelling elderly women in Japan

Nakamura¹,

Tazaki²,

Nomura³

et al. 2017

CIA

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In our worldwide aging society, elderly people should maintain cognitive and physical function to help avoid health problems. Dementia is a major brain disease among elderly people, and is caused by cognitive impairment. The locomotive syndrome (LS) refers to a condition in which people require healthcare services because of problems associated with locomotion. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between cognitive impairment and LS. Study participants were 142 healthy elderly female volunteers living in a rural area in Japan. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). A score of ≤26 points on the MMSE was used to indicate categorically defined poor cognitive performance (cognitive impairment). The LS was defined by a score ≥16 points, and non-LS as <16 points, on the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25). Twenty-one participants (14.8%) had an MMSE score ≤26, and 19.0% were found to have LS. Compared with the MMSE >26 group, the ≤26 group was significantly older, had a higher percentage of body fat, and a higher GLFS-25 score. Those with LS were significantly older, had a higher body mass index, a higher percentage of body fat, and a lower MMSE score. Participants in the LS group had higher odds of cognitive impairment than those without LS [odds ratio (OR) =3.08] by logistic regression analysis adjusted for age. Furthermore, participants with GLFS-25 scores ≥6 had higher odds of cognitive impairment than those with a GLFS-25 score <6 by logistic regression analysis adjusted for both age (OR =4.44), and age and percent body fat (OR =4.12). These findings suggest that a strong relationship exists between the early stage of decreased motor function and cognitive impairment.

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Lower lean mass and higher percent fat mass in patients with Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

The relationships between body composition characteristics and cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of older British men

The relationships between body composition characteristics and cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of older British men

Reply to the comment on “Lower lean mass and higher percent fat mass in patients with Alzheimer's disease”

Cognitive impairment associated with locomotive syndrome in community-dwelling elderly women in Japan

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