Lower Urinary Tract Infection and Subsequent Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Fan, Chao-Yueh; Huang, Wen‐Yen; Lin, Kuen‐Tze; Lin, Chun–Shu; Chao, Hsing‐Lung; Yang, Juxiang; Lin, Cheng‐Li; Kao, Chia‐Hung

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168254

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our null results for lower urinary-tract infections in relation to PCa risk were somewhat unexpected and are inconsistent with the results reported by Fan et al who found a possible etiological role for urethritis and cystitis in the development of PCa [ 5 ]. In particular, they found that urethritis had the most significant increase in PCa risk with an OR of 1.72 (95% CI: 1.26–2.34).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammation of the prostate gland (prostatitis) is also known to be attributed by infection of the microorganisms that are causative of lower urinary tract infections (LUTIs). With a link between the infectious agents, inflammation and the location of the prostate gland, a potential association between lower urinary-tract infections and PCa may be conceived [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A case-control study of lower urinary-tract infections, associated antibiotics and the risk of developing prostate cancer using PCBaSe 3.0

et al. 2018

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ObjectivesTo investigate the association between lower urinary-tract infections, their associated antibiotics and the subsequent risk of developing PCa.Subjects/Patients (or materials) and methodsUsing data from the Swedish PCBaSe 3.0, we performed a matched case-control study (8762 cases and 43806 controls). Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between lower urinary-tract infections, related antibiotics and PCa, whilst adjusting for civil status, education, Charlson Comorbidity Index and time between lower urinary-tract infection and PCa diagnosis.ResultsIt was found that lower urinary-tract infections did not affect PCa risk, however, having a lower urinary-tract infection or a first antibiotic prescription 6–12 months before PCa were both associated with an increased risk of PCa (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.23–1.82 and 1.96, 1.71–2.25, respectively), as compared to men without lower urinary-tract infections. Compared to men with no prescriptions for antibiotics, men who were prescribed ≥10 antibiotics, were 15% less likely to develop PCa (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.78–0.91).ConclusionPCa was not found to be associated with diagnosis of a urinary-tract infection or frequency, but was positively associated with short time since diagnoses of lower urinary-tract infection or receiving prescriptions for antibiotics. These observations can likely be explained by detection bias, which highlights the importance of data on the diagnostic work-up when studying potential risk factors for PCa.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case-control study of lower urinary-tract infections, associated antibiotics and the risk of developing prostate cancer using PCBaSe 3.0

et al. 2018

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“…On the contrary, bladder cancer had shown statistically significant association with urinary tract infection in a study done by Richards et al [39]. A study by Fan et al in 2017 had also identified an association between prostate cancer and bacteriuria [40]. Another study by Sun et al in 2013 had also confirmed the association among urinary tract cancers and asymptomatic bacteriuria [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Isolates among Cancer Patients and Healthy Blood Donors at the University of Gondar Specialized Hospital

Tigabu

Ferede

Belay

et al. 2020

International Journal of Microbiology

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Background. Urinary tract infections are the common types of infections in the community and health care settings. Despite the widespread availability of antibiotics, urinary tract infection remains a worldwide therapeutic problem. It is a continuous and significant problem in cancer patients. Methods. A hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 study participants from January to June 2019. Sociodemographic data were collected by a predesigned questionnaire and midstream urine samples collected using simple random sampling technique by using clean, sterile plastic cups and then inoculated onto CLED agar plates and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Urine culture was considered significant bacteriuria when colony forming units ≥105/mL of voided urine and a single pure colony suspended in nutrient broth and then subcultured onto a blood agar plate and MacConkey agar plate, incubated at 37°C for 24 hours for identification. Identification was done by using standard microbiological methods. Modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique was applied for antimicrobial susceptibility testing in accordance with CLSI 2018 criteria. Data were entered, cleared, and checked using Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. The results were displayed using tables and figures. p value <0.05 at 95% CI was considered as statistically significant. Results. The overall prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in cancer patients was 23.3% while 6.7% in apparently healthy blood donors. E. coli (32.1%) was the commonest isolated uropathogenic bacteria followed by Klebsiella species (25.0%), S. aureus (21.4%), Enterococcus species (10.7%), Serratia species (7.1%), and Enterobacter aerogenes (3.6%) in cancer patients. In apparently healthy blood donors, E. coli, Klebsiella species, and S. aureus were isolated from 75%, 12.5%, and 12.5%, respectively. Most Gram-negative bacteria were more sensitive to ceftazidime, cefoxitin, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and tobramycin, whereas highly resistant to ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, and ceftazidime. S. aureus isolates were 100% susceptible to nitrofurantoin. Conclusions. This study showed a high prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among cancer patients (23.3%) compared to apparently healthy blood donors (6.7%). E. coli was isolated predominately. Nitrofurantoin and ciprofloxacin should be used to treat asymptomatic bacteriuria in the study area.

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“…Furthermore, prostatitis, STIs, and UTIs, which have been reported to increase the risk of PCa, also affect the risk of epididymo-orchitis. [18–21] Prostatitis, or chronic inflammation of the prostate, further results in carcinogenesis of the prostate. Wang et al conducted a study of 355 men with gonorrhea and 1420 controls and found that gonorrhea resulted in a 5-fold increased risk of PCa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between epididymo-orchitis and prostate cancer

Liu

Lin

et al. 2019

Medicine

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To determine whether epididymo-orchitis, a common infectious disease among men, is associated with subsequent prostate cancer (PCa) via a nationwide cohort study. This nationwide population-based study of patients treated from 2001 to 2013 included a total of 4991 patients with epididymo-orchitis as the study group and 19,922 matched patients without epididymo-orchitis as a control group. We tracked the patients in both groups for a 5-year period to identify any new cases of PCa. Cox proportional hazards regressions were performed to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of PCa during this 5-year follow-up period. Of the 24,913 patients in the study, 235 (0.9%) were newly diagnosed with PCa during the 5-year follow-up period; 77 (1.5%) of those were from the epididymo-orchitis group and 158 (0.8%) were from the control group. Compared to the patients without epididymo-orchitis, the adjusted HR for PCa for the patients with epididymo-orchitis was 1.56 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–2.06) during the 5-year follow-up period. Ages of more than 70 years, higher incomes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were more strongly associated with PCa in the study group than in the control group. The results were associated with a 56% increased risk for PCa among patients with epididymo-orchitis. Epididymo-orchitis may play an etiological role in the development of PCa in Asian populations. Further studies are warranted, however, to investigate the relationship between epididymo-orchitis and PCa.

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Lower Urinary Tract Infection and Subsequent Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

A case-control study of lower urinary-tract infections, associated antibiotics and the risk of developing prostate cancer using PCBaSe 3.0

A case-control study of lower urinary-tract infections, associated antibiotics and the risk of developing prostate cancer using PCBaSe 3.0

Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Isolates among Cancer Patients and Healthy Blood Donors at the University of Gondar Specialized Hospital

The association between epididymo-orchitis and prostate cancer

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