<b>Newly Diagnosed Acute Aortic Dissection</b>

Abstract

SUMMARYThe objective of the present study was to examine cases of acute aortic dissection in order to analyze the clinical and diagnostic findings, and to summarize their treatment modalities, as well as their hospital outcomes.Between July 1998 and June 1999, we prospectively studied patients who were newly diagnosed as having acute aortic dissection at 25 hospitals in Mie prefecture. These cases were examined for their demographics, the characteristics of the clinical findings, diagnostic methods, treatment modalities according to the type of aortic dissection, and the early morbidity and mortality of the hospital outcomes.Of 66 newly diagnosed aortic dissections (43 males), 30 were type A and 36 were type B. Seventy-six percent of the cases arrived at a medical facility within 6 hours from the onset of symptoms. Frequent initial symptoms and clinical findings were pain in 95.5%, cardiac arrest and/or hypotension in 21%, pericardial effusion in 29%, pleural effusion in 25%, and neurological signs in 30%. Twenty-one patients underwent surgical repair, 36 were treated medically, and 5 underwent endovascular stenting. Overall early mortality was 12.1%, which included 2 DOA. Fifty percent of these deaths occurred within 48 hours, and 63% by 72 hours of the initial event.In spite of the relatively rare incidence of acute aortic dissection in our study, the calculated incidence was 4.0/100,000/year. The overall mortality rate was relatively low compared to the figures reported in the literature, suggesting the earliest possible diagnosis and timely intervention are critically important to attain successful outcomes. (Int Heart J 2005; 46: 1083-1098

Epidemiology and Medication Utilization Pattern of Aortic Dissection in Taiwan

“…Advanced diagnostic techniques, such as computed tomography and echocardiography, may have contributed to the increased incidence of AD. 13 , 14 However, the true incidence of AD is difficult to estimate. Many patients die before reaching a hospital or receiving an accurate diagnosis.…”

Epidemiological Analysis of 5,595 Procedures of Endovascular Correction of Isolated Descending Thoracic Aortic Disease Over 12 Years in the Public Health System in Brazil

“…Population studies published in the late 20 th century reported an incidence of thoracic aorta aneurysms (TAAs) from 5.9 to 10.4 per 100,000 person-years (6,7) and aortic dissection from 2.9 to 4 per 100,000 person-years (8)(9)(10)(11). However, improvements in imaging technology and a higher quotient of older patients have affected these rates, with reported rates as high as 24.4 per 100,000 persons in 2016 (12).…”

Evaluation of Common Carotid Stiffness via Echo Tracking in Hypertensive Patients Complicated by Acute Aortic Dissection

“…Pathologic studies have confirmed that arterial remodeling and media degeneration are the basic vascular structural changes in hypertension 3 . Moreover, the suddenly increased blood pressure will exert an abnormal shear force on the arterial wall, which may cause disruption of the degenerated media and eventually lead to the occurrence of AD 4 . The diameter of the arterial lumen is generally considered an indicator of arterial remodeling 5 .…”

“…3 Moreover, the suddenly increased blood pressure will exert an abnormal shear force on the arterial wall, which may cause disruption of the degenerated media and eventually lead to the occurrence of AD. 4 The diameter of the arterial lumen is generally considered an indicator of arterial remodeling. 5 With the aortic diameter increasing, the risk of AD increases accordingly.…”