&lt;htm&gt;Arthropods associated with the carnivorous plant Drosera latifolia (Droseraceae) in an area of Atlantic Forest (southeastern Brazil)&lt;/htm&gt;

Costa, Jane; Rodrigues, Claudia Leal; Filho, Arlindo Serpa; Buys, Sandor Christiano; Fleischmann, Andreas; Rivadavia, Fernando

doi:10.5380/abpr.v43i0.38097

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Arachnopus consisted almost exclusively of flying insects (>99% of all identifiable captured prey), with the only ground‐inhabiting prey groups being Araneae (spiders, 0.36%) and Formicidae (ants, 0.28%; Table 2). This observed dominance of flying insects in the prey spectrum is in line with previous studies investigating the prey spectra of Drosera species producing erect leaves (Achterberg 1973, Thum 1986, Verbeek and Boasson 1993, Costa et al 2014). Furthermore, Diptera (especially Small Nematocera) comprised the highest percentage of identifiable captured prey in all eight studied Drosera species (Table 2), again similar to the results of these previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Arachnopus (34%; Table 2). These soft‐bodied insects are quickly digested by Drosera mucilage (see also Costa et al 2014), and most of the Small Nematocera that could be identified in this study had clearly been freshly captured (indeed, some were still alive at the time of examination). Given that Small Nematocera were the most abundant prey group and the strongest contributor to dissimilarity among most sympatric species (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Size matters: trap size primarily determines prey spectra differences among sympatric species of carnivorous sundews

Krueger

Cross

Fleischmann³

2020

Ecosphere

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Even though carnivorous plants (CPs) are a popular focus of ecological research, surprisingly few studies have investigated their prey spectra (the number and composition of captured prey). This knowledge gap has important implications for our understanding of sympatric speciation processes in CPs and may potentially hinder effective conservation and ecological restoration efforts. We applied a novel photography‐based analysis method to characterize the in situ prey spectra of eight species from Drosera sect. Arachnopus, including five species that were studied across multiple populations in northern Australia. The prey spectra of all studied species predominantly comprised of flying insects, with small Nematocera (Diptera) being the most common prey group across all species. While the prey spectra of most species varied significantly among locations, differences in prey spectra among sympatric species were most strongly determined by trap size. The number of prey captured per plant and per centimeter of trapping leaf was strongly associated with increasing leaf length, and species with larger trapping leaves also captured comparatively greater numbers of large prey items than species producing smaller trapping leaves. Although niche segregation in prey spectra was not observed at any of the study sites, at one location D. fragrans (a species producing a strong, honey‐like scent from trapping leaves) was found to capture significantly more winged Hymenoptera than the unscented sympatric D. aquatica, potentially indicating selective prey attraction in D. fragrans. Small species (such as D. nana) captured a disproportionally low amount of prey, despite being relatively widespread over large areas of northern Australia. Results indicate that carnivory may not have been a primary driver of diversification in D. sect. Arachnopus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Size matters: trap size primarily determines prey spectra differences among sympatric species of carnivorous sundews

Krueger

Cross

Fleischmann³

2020

Ecosphere

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“…Arachnopus are characterised by a large, erect growth habit and thread-like aerial leaves which usually do not contact the ground 8 , 32 , thereby excluding most ground-dwelling arthropods as prey. This result is also similar to other prey spectra studies of erect-leaved Drosera from different geographic areas, where flying insects (particularly Diptera) unanimously comprised almost the entire recorded prey 5 , 11 , 44 . Furthermore, this study confirmed the result of Krueger et al 8 that Hemiptera—and within this order especially the Cicadellidae—are exceptionally common in the prey spectra of D. sect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Results indicate that DNA metabarcoding allows for reliable analysis of prey spectra composition in carnivorous plants at a taxonomic resolution and level of completeness unachievable by traditional morphology-based approaches (as performed, for example, by 4 – 7 , 9 – 11 ). Even in remote tropical northern Western Australia, where many (if not most) arthropod species have not yet been accessioned into the BOLD or GenBank barcode reference libraries, this method identified over 90% of obtained OTUs from our sample set; most of them at family-level, but 41% to genus-level, and 17% even down to species rank (Supplementary Data S1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A novel approach for reliable qualitative and quantitative prey spectra identification of carnivorous plants combining DNA metabarcoding and macro photography

Krueger

Cross

Hübner

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Prey spectra (the number and composition of captured arthropods) represent a crucial aspect of carnivorous plant ecology, yet remain poorly studied. Traditional morphology-based approaches for prey identification are time-intensive, require specialists with considerable knowledge of arthropod taxonomy, and are hampered by high numbers of unidentifiable (i.e., heavily digested) prey items. We examined prey spectra of three species of closely-related annual Drosera (Droseraceae, sundews) from tropical northern Australia using a novel DNA metabarcoding approach with in-situ macro photography as a plausibility control and to facilitate prey quantity estimations. This new method facilitated accurate analyses of carnivorous plant prey spectra (even of heavily digested prey lacking characteristic morphological features) at a taxonomic resolution and level of completeness far exceeding morphology-based methods and approaching the 100% mark at arthropod order level. Although the three studied species exhibited significant differences in detected prey spectra, little prey specialisation was observed and habitat or plant population density variations were likely the main drivers of prey spectra dissimilarity.

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“…Larvae of Toxomerus basalis likely feed on any available insect prey captured by the sundew leaves, although the majority of the Drosera prey spectrum identified thus far from the few Brazilian species studied consists mostly of small to medium sized adult midges, mosquitos and gnats [ 61 , 97 ]. It is therefore likely that the larval diet of T .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where Is My Food? Brazilian Flower Fly Steals Prey from Carnivorous Sundews in a Newly Discovered Plant-Animal Interaction

Fleischmann¹,

Rivadavia

Gonella

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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A new interaction between insects and carnivorous plants is reported from Brazil. Larvae of the predatory flower fly Toxomerus basalis (Diptera: Syrphidae: Syrphinae) have been found scavenging on the sticky leaves of several carnivorous sundew species (Drosera, Droseraceae) in Minas Gerais and São Paulo states, SE Brazil. This syrphid apparently spends its whole larval stage feeding on prey trapped by Drosera leaves. The nature of this plant-animal relationship is discussed, as well as the Drosera species involved, and locations where T. basalis was observed. 180 years after the discovery of this flower fly species, its biology now has been revealed. This is (1) the first record of kleptoparasitism in the Syrphidae, (2) a new larval feeding mode for this family, and (3) the first report of a dipteran that shows a kleptoparasitic relationship with a carnivorous plant with adhesive flypaper traps. The first descriptions of the third instar larva and puparium of T. basalis based on Scanning Electron Microscope analysis are provided.

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<htm>Arthropods associated with the carnivorous plant Drosera latifolia (Droseraceae) in an area of Atlantic Forest (southeastern Brazil)</htm>

Abstract: <htm>Arthropods associated with the carnivorous plant Drosera latifolia (Droseraceae) in an area of Atlantic Forest (southeastern Brazil)</htm>

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Size matters: trap size primarily determines prey spectra differences among sympatric species of carnivorous sundews

Size matters: trap size primarily determines prey spectra differences among sympatric species of carnivorous sundews

A novel approach for reliable qualitative and quantitative prey spectra identification of carnivorous plants combining DNA metabarcoding and macro photography

Where Is My Food? Brazilian Flower Fly Steals Prey from Carnivorous Sundews in a Newly Discovered Plant-Animal Interaction

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