<i>In vivo</i> study of antifungal effects of low-molecular-weight chitosan against <i>Candida albicans </i>

Abstract

This study investigated the antifungal effects of low-molecular-weight chitosan solution onCandida albicans in denture stomatitis in comparison with nystatin suspension. This randomized, singleblind clinical trial included 40 patients diagnosed with denture stomatitis. Patients were divided into two groups, wherein one was treated with chitosan and the other with nystatin for 2 weeks. Changes in the erythematous area were recorded during and after treatment. A palatal smear was obtained for each patient before and after treatment to determine the number of blastospores and mycelia of C. albicans. The results were compared using the MannWhitney U test, revealing that the chitosan solution significantly decreased the erythematous surface area, burning sensation, time required for clinical improvement, and number of blastospores and mycelia. The antifungal efficacy of chitosan along with its inherent biocompatibility makes it a promising candidate for use as an antifungal mouthwash.

Antifungal and Surface Properties of Chitosan-Salts Modified PMMA Denture Base Material

“…Furthermore, the high molecular weight of CS decreases the hydrophobicity and adhesion of C. albicans to epithelial and human fibroblast cells [33] and the adhesion to dentures [34]. Furthermore, an in vivo study showed promising results for the use of low-molecular weight (LMW) CS solution for the treatment of DS [35]. Therapy with CS solution decreased the erythematous surface area, burning sensation, the time required for clinical improvement, and the number of blastospores and mycelia [35].…”

Chitosan Use in Dentistry: A Systematic Review of Recent Clinical Studies

“…According to Mishra et al [13] there was a significant reduction on biofilm formation and biomechanical characteristics of dental cements when chitosan was used in the mixture, as well as a better compressive strength with P < 0.001 statistical value. Atai et al [14] reported no significant results on clinical signs to prevent mycosis ( P > 0.05). Mandrazo-Jimenez et al [15] reported no significant differences between swelling, pain, and wound healing after oral surgery maneuvers.…”

“…This type of modified cement has improved physical properties as compared to a chitosan modified cement or a conventional cement. According to Atai et al [14] chitosan is a valid alternative because it is antifungal, and with its biocompatibility it is a candidate for antifungal mouthwash. Mandrazo-Jimenez et al [15] evaluated the effects of a topical gel containing chitosan, 0,2% chlorhexidine allantoin, and dexpanthenol on wound healing [41].…”

“…Minor differences have been reported regarding pain management [11,16]. Furthermore, despite the bacteriostatic and mycostatic effect of chitosan, the articles do not report positive significant differences of chitosan use with respect to antifungals [14]. In the conservative field, the use of chitosan in cements improves their bacteriostatic characteristics, however, it does not present greater efficacy than topical disinfectants used in endodontics, such as hypochlorite [12].…”

Comparative Study of Nano-chitosan and Synthetic Bactericide Application on Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Infected by Xanthomonas campestris

“…It is a simple linear polysaccharide that constitutes the β-1-4 linked D-11 glucosamine (GlcN) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) (Katiyar, Hemantaranjan, Singh, & Bhanu, 2014). Chitosan is known to induce plant growths (Dzung, Khanh, & Dzung, 2011), contain antifungal (Atai, Atai, Amini, & Salehi, 2017;Dananjaya et al, 2017) and antibacterial properties (Cui, Bai, Rashed, & Lin, 2018;D'Almeida et al, 2017). Investigation on the role of nano-chitosan against pathogens have been reported in rice (Pham et al, 2019) and tomato (Chun & Chandrasekaran, 2019;Santiago et al, 2019).…”