<i>Mycobacterium kansasii</i> Endobronchial Ulcer in a Nonimmunocompromised Patient

Abstract

In this report we describe the case of an immunocompetent patient found to have an endobronchial, ulcerated lesion due to Mycobacterium kansasii. Predisposing factors could have been severe endobronchial stenosis of the main stem bronchi and distortion of the carina, due to healed endobronchial tuberculosis. Diagnosis was set through fiberoptic bronchoscopy and the patient responded well to treatment. Endobronchial non tuberculous mycobacterial infection should be considered in both HIV seropositive and seronegative patients, especially in endemic areas and in the proper clinical setting. Prompt recognition is important for the effective control and prevention of an unfavorable outcome in an otherwise easily treatable disease.

Isolated EndobronchialMycobacterium aviumDisease Associated with Lobar Atelectasis in an Immunocompetent Young Adult: A Case Report and Literature Review

“…Although the pulmonary parenchymal presentation of NTM has been well-described, there have been only four case reports of isolated endobronchial NTM infections in immunocompetent patient 11 12 13 14 . Our case report is the fifth cases of isolated endobronchial NTM infection in an immunocompetent patient.…”

“…Endobronchial NTM diseases are rare in non-HIV/AIDS patients. To the best of our knowledge, there have only been four case reports of isolated endobronchial NTM diseases in immunocompetent adult patients in the English literature 11 12 13 14 . Here, we report a unique case of endobronchial Mycobacterium avium disease associated with lobar atelectasis in a young immunocompetent patient and provide a review of the literature.…”

An unusual lung mass post stem cell transplantation

“…Four of the 5 patients were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virus; the HIV status of the fifth patient was unknown . A further report was published of an endobronchial ulcer secondary to M. kansasii in a patient with normal immune function, who had a history of endobronchial tuberculosis with severe bronchial stenosis . To our knowledge, this is the first report of an obstructing mass secondary to M. kansasii in a patient following an allogeneic SCT.…”

Infections causing central airway obstruction: role of bronchoscopy in diagnosis and management

“…In cases of MAC, the bronchoscopic appearance varies and can present as polypoid lesions (34,(95)(96)(97)(98)(99)(100), endobronchial masses, multiple nodular lesions (101), ulcerative lesions with bronchial strictures (102,103), caseating endobronchial lesions (104) and as white-yellow irregular mucosal lesions. Mycobacterium kansasii has been reported as endobronchial masses, sessile polypoid lesions, mass with ulcerations and nodular lesions (31,(105)(106)(107)(108)(109). Actinomycosis has been reported in the central airways and can be associated with foreign body and broncholiths.…”