<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> cell wall products: The effects on gut morphology and performance of broiler chickens

Abstract

________________________________________________________________________________ AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of Bio-Mos® (Alltech Inc.), with or without the addition of a soluble mannan (MRF) (Alltech Inc.) on gastrointestinal health and performance of broiler chickens. A trial was conducted using seven different dietary treatments. It consisted of a negative control, 2 levels of Bio-Mos® (2 g/kg and 4 g/kg), 2 levels of MRF (0.1 g/kg and 0.2 g/kg) and 2 treatments combining the cell wall preparations (2 g/kg Bio-Mos® + 0.1 g/kg MRF and 4 g/kg Bio-Mos® + 0.2 g/kg MRF). Dayold male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to the seven treatments and the trial extended over a 15 day period, upon which two chicks from each replicate were sacrificed and ileum samples taken. Results showed that the cell wall preparations had a numerically positive, but statistically non significant effect on feed conversion ratios. Histology results revealed significantly greater goblet cell densities and sizes for chicks receiving cell wall preparations than those of the control treatment chicks, while villi width and height measurements indicated no differences between treatments. From the results of this study it appears as if yeast cell wall preparations can contribute to the gastrointestinal health and performance of broiler chickens by affecting mucus secreting goblet cells in a favourable manner.

Getting Better Intestinal Health through the Addition of Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) Combined with Threonine in Broilers Diets

“…Opposite to this result, another researches did not register changes in intestinal morphology parameters (Villus Area and Deeper Crypt Gut) in broilers fed glucommanno-protein complex (isolated from the outer cell wall of Sc) or Sc (1-5 g/kg feed) (Brummer et al, 2010;Resinger et al, 2010;and Rezaeipour et al, 2012). Perhaps, the different results must be to nature of Sc (total) or wall cell Sc, that interact with microbiota and GALT (Geishari & Kholehipour, 2006;El Naga, 2012), and could produce different factors which act by different mechanisms, modify the balance between gut, microbiota and immunity in the broilers (Huyghebaert et al, 2011;Peralta, 2016).…”

“…It means that T, in all the levels used, increased significantly VH, then these broilers had increased their absorption area and could take better advantage of the nutrients with respect to broilers receive Sc alone addition. Also, CD was increased in all groups receive T plus Sc, it can be a sign of an increased turnover for a rapid immune response when potentially damaging pathogens contact with the intestine increased the cellular exchange (Brummer et al, 2010;Mao et al, 2011;Tanure et al, 2015).…”

“…Also, cell wall components of Sc may provide a protective function to mucosa by preventing pathogens from binding to villi and allowing fewer antigens to be in contact with the villi. Different researchers affirm that taller villi indicate more mature epithelia and enhance absorptive function due to the increased absorptive area of the villus (Gao et al, 2008;Awad et al, 2009;Brummer et al, 2010;Reisenger et al, 2012;Adebiyi et al, 2012).…”

“…We proved the positive effects of Sc on performance (feed conversion) and carcass quality of broilers fed with yeast alone (0.3-1%) or replacing 1/3 of the premix (0.5-1 g/Kg) during starter and finisher diets (Miazzo et al, 2003(Miazzo et al, , 2005(Miazzo et al, , 2006(Miazzo et al, , 2007Nilson et al, 2004;Peralta et al, 2008). Also, it is mentioned that proteins and nucleotides provided by Sc increase intestinal health by the improved integrity of intestinal mucosa and increased the absorptive surface area so have benefit broiler performance (Zhang et al, 2005;Geishari & Kholeghipour, 2006;Gao et al, 2008;Brummer et al, 2010;Adebiyi et al, 2012;Miazzo et al, 2014).…”

“…Yeast cell wall contains oligosaccharide beta-glucans, increased productive performance through their immunomodulatory effects. It is to enhancing phagocytosis and proliferation of monocytes and macrophages, which play a crucial role in immunomodulation and induction a large amount of Ig production (mainly IgA) (Brummer et al, 2010;Huyghebraied et al, 2010, Peralta et al, in press). …”