&lt;i&gt;Yersinia pseudotuberculosi&lt;/i&gt; Squirrel Monkeys

Une, Yumi; Isobe, Kyoko; Baba, Tomoshige; Hayashidani, Hideki; Nomura, Yasuo

doi:10.5686/jjzwm.8.19

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…There have been some reports of Yersinia spp. outbreaks in monkeys all over the world showing that monkeys are sensitive to bacteria of this genus (6,15,21,31,39). However, the majority of these outbreaks, which usually affect a large number of monkeys and show high mortality, are caused by Y. pseudotuberculosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yersinia enterocolitica Serovar O:8 Infection in Breeding Monkeys in Japan

Iwata

Une

Okatani

et al. 2005

Microbiology and Immunology

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In the period from December 2002 to January 2003, 5 of 50 squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) housed at a Zoological Garden in the Kanto region of Japan died following a few days' history of diarrhea. After this outbreak had ended in the squirrel monkeys, 1 of 2 dark-handed gibbons (Hylobates agilis) died in April of 2003, showing similar clinical signs. We examined the organs of 3 of the dead squirrel monkeys and of the dark-handed gibbon, and Yersinia enterocolitica serovar O:8, which is the most pathogenic serovar of Y. enterocolitica, was isolated. In order to determine the source and the transmission route of infection, 98 fecal samples (45 from squirrel monkeys, 20 from other monkeys of 18 different species, and 33 from black rats captured around the monkey houses) and 7 water samples were collected in the Zoological Garden, and were examined for the prevalence of Y. enterocolitica serovar O:8. Serovar O:8 was isolated from 21 of 65 monkeys (32.3%) and 5 of 33 (15.2%) black rats (Rattus rattus). Furthermore, we examined the 30 isolates using molecular typing methods, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), ribotyping using the RiboPrinter system, and restriction endonuclease analysis of virulence plasmid DNA (REAP), and compared the isolates in this outbreak with Japanese O:8 isolates previously identified. Genotyping showed that almost all the isolates were identical, and the genotype of the isolates was highly similar to that from wild rodents captured in Niigata Prefecture. This is the first report of fatal cases of Y. enterocolitica serovar O:8 infection in monkeys anywhere in the world.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yersinia enterocolitica Serovar O:8 Infection in Breeding Monkeys in Japan

Iwata

Une

Okatani

et al. 2005

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…Y. pseudotuberculosis is detected in many animal species including wild animals, livestock, and companion animals. Many cases of yersiniosis have been reported in Japan, especially in nonhuman primates with high sensibility to Y. pseudotuberculosis in zoos [8,10,19]. This trend is also seen overseas [2,11,15,17].…”

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confidence: 81%

Spontaneous Yersiniosis Due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Serotype 7 in a Squirrel Monkey

et al. 2009

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ABSTRACT. A captive male Bolivian squirrel monkey (Saimiri boliviensis) of less than 1 year of age died following diarrhea and debilitation on the day of death. At necropsy, necrotizing enteritis accompanied with enlarged Peyer's patches, solitary lymphatic follicles and mesenteric lymph nodes, and multiple yellowish-white nodules in the spleen and liver were found. Histopathologically, these lesions were necrotizing inflammation containing Gram-negative bacilli. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype 7 was isolated from the spleen and liver. The virF gene, which is an essential virulent plasimid (pYV) in pathogenic Y. pseudotuberculosis isolates, and the ypmA gene, which is a superantigenic toxin, were detected in the isolates. This is the first report of a fatal case of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 7 infection in the world.KEY WORDS: pathogenic Yersinia, squirrel monkey, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 7 infection.

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“…Therefore, the squirrel monkeys considered Yops positive in the present study must have been infected by pathogenic Yersinia in the past. However, squirrel monkeys that do not have any immunity to yersiniosis, such as infant monkeys, seem to die at a high rate when infected with Y. pseudotuberculosis considering past studies [14,30]. Pathogenic Yersinia can be divided into low pathogenic strains, which induce a mild intestinal infection in humans, and highly pathogenic strains, which cause severe systemic infection in humans [4,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monkey species are especially sensitive to yersiniosis, and many fatal cases in breeding monkeys have been reported throughout the world [2,8,17,23,27]. In Japan, Y. pseudotuberculosis in particular frequently causes fatal infection in breeding monkeys [11,14,15,30]. The highest number of dead monkeys by Y. pseudotuberculosis infection in Japan has occurred among the squirrel monkey (Saimiri spp.)…”

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Seroepidemiological Survey of Pathogenic Yersinia in Breeding Squirrel Monkeys in Japan

Iwata

Une

Lee

et al. 2010

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. To investigate the prevalence of antibodies to pathogenic Yersinia in breeding squirrel monkeys, the serum samples of 252 squirrel monkeys from 9 zoological gardens in Japan were tested by ELISA using plasmid-encoded Yersinia outer membrane protein (Yops) as the antigen. The cutoff value was calculated by using the serum samples of the squirrel monkeys from Suriname, where no prevalence of pathogenic Yersinia have been reported. According to the cutoff value, 164 of 252 (65.1%) squirrel monkeys were considered positive against pathogenic Yersinia. These positive monkeys belonged to 8 of the 9 zoological gardens, and the percentage of the seropositive monkeys ranged from 22.2 to 89.4%. Furthermore, in one zoological garden, the positive rate of the squirrel monkeys which were over 1 year old (95.7%) was significantly higher than those which were under 1 year old (23.3%). These results suggested that pathogenic Yersinia is highly prevalent among breeding monkeys in Japan.

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<i>Yersinia pseudotuberculosi</i> Squirrel Monkeys

Abstract: ． Yeis ' inia pseudotuberculosis is a zoonotic infectious agent causing disease in various ani ・ mals and man ． In this review ， we describe Qutbreaks of yersiniosis experienced in squirrel monkeys of six facilities in Japan 、

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Yersinia enterocolitica Serovar O:8 Infection in Breeding Monkeys in Japan

Yersinia enterocolitica Serovar O:8 Infection in Breeding Monkeys in Japan

Spontaneous Yersiniosis Due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Serotype 7 in a Squirrel Monkey

Seroepidemiological Survey of Pathogenic Yersinia in Breeding Squirrel Monkeys in Japan

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