<p>Biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with psoriatic arthritis</p>

Abstract

Background: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic immune-mediated disease. It is associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia), giving a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. Patients with PsA have an increased incidence of subclinical atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study is to perform a review of the biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with PsA. Methods: A search was performed in the electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase) up until July 2017. Studies were considered if they included data on biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis in PsA, and each article was then reviewed for quality and clinical relevance. After completing the literature search, all screened literature was summarized and discussed in our study group (CaRRDs study group). Results: The initial search produced 532 abstracts, which were limited to 258 potentially relevant articles by preliminary review of the titles and by excluding review articles and case reports (n=274). A further 102 articles were deemed ineligible after examining the abstracts. Full texts of the remaining 156 articles were retrieved. Most articles were excluded because they were not relevant to the biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis in psoriasis and/or PsA. In the end, 54 articles were deemed eligible for this review. Conclusion: Patients with PsA showed more severe atherosclerotic disease compared with patients with only psoriasis. This may have been due to the higher systemic inflammatory burden from the combination of both diseases. In patients with PsA some molecules may be considered as markers of atherosclerotic disease, and their detection may be a prognostic marker, in addition to imaging procedures, for the development of atherosclerotic disease, and could be suitable for the management of patients with PsA.

Persistence of C-reactive protein increased levels and high disease activity are predictors of cardiovascular disease in patients with axial spondyloarthritis

“…Despite of the well-known role of traditional CV risk factors, to induce CV events in general population, our analysis failed to show any possible association among some of these factors and the development of CV events, in axSpA 24 , 25 . As far as hypercholesterolemia and BMI are concerned, we did not find any association with the insurgence of new CV events.…”

The clinical and molecular cardiometabolic fingerprint of an exploratory psoriatic arthritis cohort is associated with the disease activity and differentially modulated by methotrexate and apremilast

“…In this sense, Peluso et al. recently proposed new molecules as markers of atherosclerotic disease in PsA, encouraging the potential use of these molecules as prognostic markers for the development of atherosclerotic disease and its management [29]. This provides new information about diagnostic markers for IR (MMP‐3, CD163 and FABP‐4) and for monitoring disease activity (GAL‐3 and FABP‐4) in PsA.…”

“…Here, 35 inflammation and CVD-related proteins were altered in the plasma of PsA, which were significantly associated with different PsA clinical characteristics including comorbidities, such as IR, obesity, psoriasis, onychopathy and disease activity. In this sense, Peluso et al recently proposed new molecules as markers of atherosclerotic disease in PsA, encouraging the potential use of these molecules as prognostic markers for the development of atherosclerotic disease and its management [29]. This provides new information about diagnostic markers for IR (MMP-3, CD163 and FABP-4) and for monitoring disease activity (GAL-3 and FABP-4) in PsA.…”

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein associates with cardiovascular disease by a vicious cycle of atherosclerosis and inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Lp (a) is also a candidate biomarker and has been demonstrated to predict CIMT in HIV-positive females ( 92 ). While these findings are promising, meta-analyses investigating the role of oxidized lipids within systemically inflamed populations are lacking and thus future studies will continuously be necessary to further elucidate these relationships ( 93 , 94 ).…”