<p>Carbapenem-Resistant <em>Enterobacter hormaechei</em> ST1103 with IMP-26 Carbapenemase and ESBL Gene <em>bla</em>_SHV-178</p>

Abstract

To investigate the occurrence and genetic characteristics of the bla IMP-26-positive plasmid from a multidrug-resistant clinical isolate, Enterobacter hormaechei L51. Methods: Species identification was determined by MALDI-TOF MS and Sanger sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the agar dilution and broth microdilution. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted using Illumina HiSeq 4000-PE150 and PacBio Sequel platforms, and the genome was annotated by the RAST annotation server. The ANI analysis of genomes was performed using OAT. Phylogenetic reconstruction and analyses were performed using the Harvest suite based on the core-genome SNPs of 61 publicly available E. hormaechei genomes. Results: The E. hormaechei L51 genome consists of a 5,018,729 bp circular chromosome and a 343,918 bp conjugative IncHI2/2A plasmid pEHZJ1 encoding bla IMP-26 which surrounding genetic context was intI1-bla IMP-26-ltrA-qacEΔ1-sul1. A new sequence type (ST1103) was assigned for the isolate L51 which was resistant to cephalosporins, carbapenems, but sensitive to piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin, tigecycline, trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole and colistin. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that E. hormaechei L51 belonged to the same subspecies as the reference strain E. hormaechei SCEH020042, however 18,248 divergent SNP were identified. Resistance genes in pEHZJ1 including aac (3)-IIc, aac(6ʹ)-IIc, bla SHV-178 , bla DHA-1 , bla TEM-1 , bla IMP-26 , ereA2, catII, fosA5, qnrB4, tet(D), sul1 and dfrA19. Conclusion: In our study, we identified a conjugative IncHI2/2A plasmid carrying bla IMP-26 and bla SHV-178 in E. hormaechei ST1103, a novel multidrug-resistant strain isolated from China, and describe the underlying resistance mechanisms of the strain and detailed genetic context of mega plasmid pEHZJ1.

Whole Genome Sequencing of Extended-Spectrum- and AmpC- β-Lactamase-Positive Enterobacterales Isolated From Spinach Production in Gauteng Province, South Africa

“…The K. pneumoniae ST3559 strain isolated from irrigation water in the current study was capsular type 27 and serotype O4, which is similar to an O4 serotype MDR K. pneumoniae outbreak strain from a neonatal care unit in sub-Saharan Africa (Cornick et al, 2020). In addition, K. pneumoniae ST3559 harboured the bla SHV-178 gene which, to the best of our knowledge, have previously only been reported in clinical Enterobacter hormaechei strains from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University in Hangzhou (Gou et al, 2020). Apart from β-lactamase genes, the K. pneumoniae strains also harboured aminoglycoside, fosfomycin, fluoroquinolone, tetracyline, phenicol, trimethoprim, and sulfonomide resistance genes, which is a greater diversity of resistance genes than previously reported in Enterobacterales isolates from German surface waters (Falgenhauer et al, 2019).…”

Molecular Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance and Genetic Diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains

“…But due to the high and incorrect use of these antibiotics, resistance to them has emerged [7]. In recent years, high levels of qnr-mediated resistance among uoroquinolones and quinolones-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates have been reported, making the treatment of these strains more complicated [8].…”

Endophytic Bacteria Enterobacter hormaechei Fabricated Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Activity

“…Enterobacter hormaechei is a Gram-positive opportunistic bacterium found in animals [24] and humans that causes clinical nosocomial infections [25,26]. Recently, drugresistant strains of this species have been reported in different parts of the world [26,27]. Under the present global scenario of antimicrobial resistance, more emphasis has been placed on innovation and research to discover, exploit, apply, and assess novel therapies for antibiotic-resistant infections through the identification of alternative treatments and prevention solutions [1].…”