<p>Circulating syndecan-1 as a novel biomarker relates to lung function, systemic inflammation, and exacerbation in COPD</p>

Abstract

IntroductionPatients with COPD often show increased systemic inflammation which is associated with lower functional status, greater exacerbation risk, and worse clinical outcomes. Syndecans (SDCs), a family of transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), have been found to involve in inflammatory processes in many chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this preliminary clinical study was to investigate the possible association between two SDCs, SDC-1 and SDC-4, with lung function, systemic inflammation, and risk of exacerbations in COPD patients.MethodSerum SDC-1 and SDC-4 levels were measured in 101 COPD patients and 57 health controls. Correlations between SDCs and other parameters were analyzed using Spearsman’s rho. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the threshold value in differentiating disease status.ResultsAlthough both serum SDC-1 and SDC-4 showed a downward trend in COPD patients, only SDC-1 levels were correlated positively with the ratio of FEV1/FVC and parameters of small airway obstruction. Besides, SDC-1 but not SDC-4, was negatively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) in COPD patients and downregulated in frequent exacerbators (FEs) of COPD. Using a cutoff value of 2.08 ng/mL, the sensitivity and specificity of SDC-1 to differentiate FE were 44% and 93.4%, respectively.ConclusionIn conclusion, circulating SDC-1 may be a novel inflammatory biomarker associated with lung function and systemic inflammation in patients with COPD, which could also be useful to identify the risk of COPD exacerbation. Further studies should be performed to clarify the influences of SDC-1 on the pathogenesis and outcomes of COPD.

Elevated plasma levels of syndecan-1 and soluble thrombomodulin predict adverse outcomes in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

“…25 TM, a 557-amino-acid type I transmembrane protein on the endothelium, binds exosite I on thrombin to alter thrombin specificity toward protein C. 29 The thrombin-TM complex activates protein C and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, 30 thus inhibiting thrombus formation 31 and complement activation. 32 Under certain pathologic conditions, such as acute inflammation, 33,34 hyperglycemia, 35,36 endotoxemia, 37 ischemia-reperfusion injury, 33,38 and bypass surgery, 39,40 or stimulation with tumor necrosis factor a 41,42 and atrial natriuretic peptide, 43 the ectodomains of Sdc-1 and TM are cleaved by leukocyte-derived proteases, metalloproteinases, and heparinase. Therefore, increased plasma levels of Sdc-1 have been observed in patients with inflammation, 40 sepsis, 44 traumatic brain injury, 38 hemorrhagic shock, 45 disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), 46 and respiratory failure.…”

Serum syndecan‐4 is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

“…32 Given that the shedding of soluble SDC extracellular domain can be detected in peripheral blood, SDC may be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of some diseases. 33 It has been found that soluble SDC1 can be used for noninvasive diagnosis in patients with chronic toxic hepatitis, 34 and it is effective in predicting the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma, cervical cancer and other malignant tumors. [35][36][37] However, little is known about SDC4 shedding.…”

Incorporating Biomarkers in COPD Management: The Research Keeps Going

“…AECOPD is related to poor health outcomes, increased morbidity, and mortality rates [ 82 , 83 ]. The diagnostic and therapeutic management of AECOPD is still considered insufficient due to its heterogeneity and complexity [ 84 ].…”