<p>Combination of Serum miRNAs with Serum Exosomal miRNAs in Early Diagnosis for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer</p>

Abstract

Purpose: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have shown the potential for non-invasive diagnosis of various types of malignancies at an early stage. The aim of the study was to explore the feasibility of a combination of 8 serum miRNAs related to non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the corresponding serum exosomal miRNAs in early diagnosis for the patients with NSCLC. Methods: We measured 8 serum miRNAs and the corresponding serum exosomal miRNAs including miR-21-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-141-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-222-3p, miR-223-3p, and miR-486-5p in 48 patients with early NSCLC at stages I/II, 32 patients with lung benign lesion (LBL), and 48 healthy control (HC) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: The expression levels of 4 serum miRNAs including miR-21-5p, miR-141-3p, miR-222-3p, and miR-486-5p, and 2 serum exosomal miRNAs including miR-146a-5p and miR-486-5p in the early NSCLC group were significantly different from that in the LBL group and the HC group (P < 0.01). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of the 4 serum miRNAs and 2 serum exosomal miRNAs in the early NSCLC group were ≥0.697, of which serum exosomal miR-146a-5p and miR-486-5p were 0.813 and 0.886, respectively, and higher than that of the 4 serum miRNAs. Additionally, a combination of 4 serum miRNAs with 2 serum exosomal miRNAs improved the AUC to 0.960 for the patients with NSCLC at early stages, with a sensitivity of 85.42% and a specificity of 92.50%. Conclusion: This study suggests that serum exosomal miRNAs other than serum miRNAs might be preferable biomarkers for the patients with NSCLC at early stages, and a combination of serum miRNAs with serum exosomal miRNAs contributes to the further improvement of early diagnosis for NSCLC.

MicroRNAs from Liquid Biopsy Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Recent Advances in Detection and Characterization Methods

“…Nonetheless, they found different miRNAs as having better diagnostic potential either from plasma as well as from EVs which makes both valuable sources of miRNA markers [52]. This is further confirmed by a study [53] reporting the highest diagnostic accuracy in NSCLC when combining four serum miRNAs and two exomiRs [54]. In contrast, a study analyzed miRNA concentration in plasma, serum, and exosomes of three healthy volunteers and found on average a lower concentration of total miRNAs in plasma and serum compared to EVs after RNase A digestion, emphasizing the protective effect of the EV membrane in the bloodstream environment [55].…”

MicroRNA‑126: A new and promising player in lung cancer (Review)

“…In addition, the expression of miR-126 in serum of patients with asbestos-related NSCLC was comparable to that of patients with asbestos-unrelated NSCLC, which may indicate the diagnostic value of miR-126 in asbestos-related NSCLC ( 57 ). In contrast, another recent study mentioned that the levels of both serum and serum exosomal miR-126 in the early NSCLC group were significantly lower compared with those in the healthy control group but not significantly different from those in the benign lung lesions group ( 58 ). Thus far, the specific value of the role of miR-126 in early NSCLC and benign lung lesions still needs to be clarified further.…”

microRNAs Shape Myeloid Cell-Mediated Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy

“…Their detection could contribute to early cancer diagnosis, patient stratification, and evaluation of therapy outcomes (93). miRs can be found free or EV-bound in peripheral blood or other body fluids (94). Among MDSC-miRs, the miR-125a∼99b∼let-7e cluster was identified as a potential diagnostic biomarker in many tumor types.…”