&lt;p&gt;Epidemiological characteristics of and risk factors for breast cancer in the world&lt;/p&gt;

Momenimovahed, Zohre; Salehiniya, Hamid

doi:10.2147/bctt.s176070

Cited by 685 publications

(603 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(221 reference statements)

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“…However, this subject remains debatable and not all studies report age being a negative prognostic factor [10,15]. Nulliparity is a known risk factor for breast cancer development [16]. However, in our study: Twenty-seven patients (61.4%) were multiparous, while seventeen patients (38.6%) were nulliparous; findings comparable to those disclosed by O. Farouk et al declaring that 14.3% of women having breast malignancy below the age of 35 were single [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2020

IJCRT

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Background: Breast cancer is the most common non-skin malignancy affecting females in the world. In Lebanon, breast cancer rates are gradually increasing and young females are being more frequently affected. Few studies are available concerning this particular population. Objectives: This study aims to estimate the epidemiology of breast cancer in the young Lebanese females below the age of 40 with identification of variable characteristics and risk factors of the disease and ultimately, comparing our findings to other Arab countries. Methods: Breast cancer cases diagnosed at ≤ 40 years of age between 2011 and 2017 were collected from patient's files in the Lebanese Hospital Geitaoui and Mount Lebanon Hospital, including the variable risk factors and tumors characteristics. The statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS statistics software. Results: 862 females were diagnosed with breast cancer in the aforementioned hospitals and forty-four were ≤ 40 years. The prevalence of breast cancer in the young Lebanese females is found to be 5.1%. Majority of cases (81.8%) were initially detected by breast self-examination. 20.5% had a positive family history. Infiltrative ductal carcinoma is the predominant histological subtype and grade 2 the most common histological grade. Estrogen and progesterone receptors are positive in 26 subjects and HER2/Neu receptors positive in 17 subjects. Most of cases were in stage 2A. Only 2 patients had BRCA gene testing done. Conclusion: The early onset breast cancer is not only related to the presence of a positive family history; other factors should be actively investigated. Breast self-examination should be considered as a screening method of breast cancer in young females at high risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2020

IJCRT

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“…Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of oncological mortality for women [1,2], with an estimated 271,270 new cases and 42,260 cases of deaths in the U.S.A. in 2019 [1]. Although diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies have been improved, poor prognosis is still present in approximately 30% of patients due to recurrence and metastasis [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of exosomal miR-455-5p and miR-1255a as therapeutic targets for breast cancer

et al. 2020

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Accumulated evidence has demonstrated exosomes of cancer cells carry microRNAs (miRNAs) to non-malignant cells to induce metastasis. The present study aimed to identify crucial exosomal miRNAs for breast cancer (BC) using microarray data (GSE83669 and GSE50429) from Gene Expression Omnibus database, including exosomal samples from human BC cells (MCF7, MDA-MB-231) and normal mammary epithelial cell line (MCF10, MCF-10A), as well as original cell samples. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified using EdgeR package, and mRNA targets were predicted using miRWalk2 database. The target genes were overlapped with BC genes from Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) to construct BC-related interaction network. Potential functions were analyzed by DAVID. The expression of crucial miRNAs and target genes were confirmed in other microarray datasets or TCGA sequencing data. Their associations with survival and other clinical characteristics were validated by Kaplan–Meier plotter and LinkedOmics database. As a result, 9 and 8 DEMs were identified to be shared in two datasets for exosomal and original cells, respectively. Further comparison showed that miR-455-5p was specifically differentially expressed in exosomes, and miR-1255a was commonly expressed in exosomal and original cells samples. miR-455-5p could interact with CDKN1B to influence cell cycle process and miR-1255a could regulate SMAD4 to participate in TGF-β signaling pathway. High expressed miR-455-5p (basal-like) and miR-1255a (overall) were associated with poor overall survival, while the high expression of their target genes was associated with excellent overall, recurrence-free or distant metastasis-free survival. In conclusion, the present study preliminarily indicates that exosomal miR-455-5p and miR-1255a may be novel therapeutic targets for BC.

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“…(10) Breast cancer is the most common site of cancer in women worldwide. (11) Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in both men and women while colorectal is the third most common type cancer in both sexes. (12)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoinformatic design of multi epitopes peptide-based universal cancer vaccine using matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein as a target

Abdelmoneim

Mustafa

Abdelmageed

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Cancer remains a major public health hazard despite the extensive research over the years on cancer diagnostic and treatment , this is mainly due to the complex pathophysiology and genetic makeup of cancer. A new approach toward cancer treatment is the use of cancer vaccine, yet the different molecular bases of cancers reduce the effectiveness of this approach. In this work we aim to use matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein (MMP9) which is essential molecule in the survival and metastasis of all type of cancer as a target for universal cancer vaccine design. Method: reference sequence of matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein was obtained from NCBI databases along with the related sequence, which is then checked for conservation using BioEdit, furthermore the B cell and T cell related peptide were analyzed using IEDB website. The best candidate peptide were then visualized using chimera software. Result: Three Peptides found to be good candidate for interactions with B cells (SLPE, RLYT, and PALPR), while ten peptides found as a good target for interactions with MHC1 (YRYGYTRVA, YGYTRVAEM, YLYRYGYTR, WRFDVKAQM, ALWSAVTPL, LLLQKQLSL, LIADKWPAL, KLFGFCPTR , MYPMYRFTE, FLIADKWPA) with world combined coverage of 94.77% . In addition, ten peptides were also found as a good candidates for interactions with MHC2 (KMLLFSGRRLWRFDV, GRGKMLLFSGRRLWR, RGKMLLFSGRRLWRF, GKMLLFSGRRLWRFD, TFTRVYSRDADIVIQ, AVIDDAFARAFALWS, FARAFALWSAVTPLT, MLLFSGRRLWRFDVK, GNQLYLFKDGKYWRF, NQLYLFKDGKYWRFS), with world combined coverage of 90.67%. CONCLUSION: 23 peptide-based vaccine was designed for use as a universal cancer vaccine which has a high world population coverage for MHC1(94.77%) and MHC2 (90.67%) related alleles. Introduction:Cancer is a chronic disease with varying degree of manifestations characterized by abnormal cell division and high mortality and morbidity rates, in addition it is considered the second leading cause of death worldwide with an estimated 8 million death annually and 18 million new case per year.(1-5) although cancer survival rate increased dramatically over the years in many countries, yet more work are needed to improve the prognosis of patients suffering from this depilating disease.(6, 7) Cancer can be either common or rare depending on the number of cases. Usually any cancer with a number of cases below 6 in 100000 annually is considered rare type.(8) All types of cancers cause common clinical symptoms including weight-loss, fatigue, pain, nausea, vomiting and constipation, etc.(9)Additional symptoms are specific to the site of malignancy.(10) Breast cancer is the most common site of cancer in women worldwide.(11) Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in both men and women while colorectal is the third most common type cancer in both sexes. (12) The classical management for cancer composed of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. Recently Immunotherapy started to shows very promising result in field of cancer management. Different type of immunotherapy are available including cytokine therapy, ...

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<p>Epidemiological characteristics of and risk factors for breast cancer in the world</p>

Cited by 685 publications

References 153 publications

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Identification of exosomal miR-455-5p and miR-1255a as therapeutic targets for breast cancer

Immunoinformatic design of multi epitopes peptide-based universal cancer vaccine using matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein as a target

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