<p>In vitro anticoagulant effect of <em>Crassocephalum crepidioides</em> leaf methanol extract and fractions on human blood</p>

Abstract

Background Blood coagulation is a rapid and efficient process that produces clot formation which requires regulation. A derangement of blood coagulation is a feature of many disease conditions. This study investigated the in vitro effects of Crassocephalum crepidioides Benth S. Moore leaf methanol (crude) extract and its partitioned solvent fractions on blood coagulation of Healthy human volunteers. Methods The secondary metabolites from dried and ground C. crepidioides leaves were extracted with 70% methanol, and the concentrated crude extract was subsequently subjected to solvent partitioning with Hexane, Ethyl acetate, and Butanol. Varying concentrations (5–20 mg/mL) of the extract and fractions were tested in vitro on blood coagulation profile; clotting time (CT), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of apparently healthy human volunteers, while phytochemical characterization of the Hexane fraction was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results C. crepidioides leaf methanol extract and fractions significantly ( P <0.05) prolonged the clotting time, prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times in the blood obtained from the volunteers. The highest prolongation effect was recorded with the Hexane fraction at concentration of 10mg/mL. GC-MS analysis of the Hexane fraction indicated the presence of phytochemicals such as unsaturated fatty acids and esters, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and coumarin-related compounds known to exhibit antiaggregant, antiplatelet and antimicrobial activities. Conclusion These results showed that C. crepidioides possesses bioactive components with anticoagulant properties which may be exploited in the treatment of blood coagulation disorders.

Modulation of Blood Coagulation and Hematological Parameters by Crassocephalum crepidioides Leaf Methanol Extract and Fractions in STZ-Induced Diabetes in the Rat

“…Compounds identified from the GC-MS analysis of the hexane fraction of C. crepidioides leaves with possible anticoagulant activities have been earlier reported [29]. Some of the identified bioactive compounds that may be responsible for observed activities in the present study include eugenol and α-linolenic acid (S/N 6 & 13) with antiaggregant activity; thujone (S/N 5) with antiplatelet activity; coumarin-related compounds, benzofuran and benzofuranone (S/N 4 & 7); α-linolenic acid (S/N 13) which possesses antiaggregant activity; n-hexadecanoic acid and its methyl ester (S/N 8&9) which are known to possess lipid-lowering activities (Table 3).…”

“…e PT is a coagulation parameter used in evaluating the tissue factor pathway and thus the activities of the factors of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, while the aPTT determines the activities of factors involved the contact (intrinsic) and the common pathways. e PT and aPTT are standard tests for monitoring coumarin and heparin therapies, respectively [29,44]. e observed prolongation of both the PT and aPTT in experimental rats after C. crepidioides administration suggests a reduction in activities or inhibition of factors V, X, II of the common coagulation pathway.…”

Comparison of the bioactive chemical components and antioxidant activities in three tissues of six varieties of Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ fruits

“…[14,15] Recent studies have also noted that coumarins have multiple biological activities, such as antitumoral, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. [16][17][18][19] The volatiles in CGT fruits not only exert antibacterial, antiinflammatory and expectorant functions but also play an important role in the quality control of the crude drug. [20] Xie et al extracted 56 volatile compounds from the peels of CGT fruits by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and compared the compounds with the extracts from steam distillation and solvent extraction, and the results obtained by HS-SPME showed satisfactory repeatability.…”

Phytochemical Profiling of the Hexane fraction of Crassocephalum crepidioides Benth S. Moore leaves by GC-MS

“…Alpha-linolenic acid has been reported to act as an antiaggregant, Eugenol was reported as an anticoagulant agent in Cinnamomum cassia (Kim et al, 2010), while thujone and flavonoids have also been reported to inhibit platelet aggregation (Formica and Regelson, 1995;Cordier and Steekamp, 2011). Ayodele et al (2019) similarly reported Thujone, Eugenol, α-linolenic acid, and coumarin-related compounds; Benzofuran, Benzofuranone and Benzene acetaldehyde as possible anticoagulant agents in C. crepidioides leaf methanol extract and fractions.…”

“…The antioxidant, cytoprotective (Odukoya et al, 2007;Wijaya et al, 2011), cancer chemoprotective and anti-tumor activities (Chia-chung et al, 2007;Chaitanya et al, 2013) of the plant have also been demonstrated. The in vitro anticoagulant activity of the plant leaf methanol extract and fractions was recently reported (Ayodele et al, 2019). Therefore, with such great medicinal value being suggested, a detailed analysis to identify and characterize the phytochemical compounds in the plant is very much needed.…”