&lt;p&gt;Infiltrating Treg and Th17 Cells of the Prostate Hypertrophy Gland Associated with &lt;em&gt;Propionibacterium Acnes&lt;/em&gt; Infection&lt;/p&gt;

Radej, Sebastian; Płaza, Paweł; Olender, Alina; Szewc, Monika; Bar, Krzysztof; Maciejewski, Ryszard

doi:10.2147/rru.s284066

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…P. acnes has also been shown by Alexeyev O. et al as the predominant microorganism in prostatic tissue in a large cohort of BPH patients [ 32 ]. Other authors also confirmed the high frequency of P. acnes isolation from individuals with BPH (positive P. acnes in 41% of cases) [ 49 ]. Cohen et al observed a significant higher degree of prostatic inflammation in prostate samples positive for P. acnes [ 50 ].…”

Section: P Acnes In Patients With Bph and Pcamentioning

confidence: 54%

Prostate Infiltration by Treg and Th17 Cells as an Immune Response to Propionibacterium acnes Infection in the Course of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

Radej

Szewc

Maciejewski

2022

IJMS

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) belong to the most frequent diseases in ageing men. It has been proposed that prostate chronic inflammation is a risk factor for the development of both BPH and PCa. However, potential stimuli that cause or maintain inflammation in the prostate gland are still poorly characterized. Bacterial infections seems to be one of the potential sources of prostatitis. Recent studies show that Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is the most prevalent microorganism in the prostate gland and may be a predisposing factor for inflammation of prostatic tissue. It indicates that P. acnes may contribute to cancer development by enhancing proinflammatory responses, as well as by modifying the prostate extracellular environment. In this review, we discuss the potential role of P. acnes in the development of BPH and PCa and highlight the importance of regulatory T CD4(+)FoxP3(+) (Treg) and Th17 cells in response to P. acnes infection in the context of both prostate diseases.

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Section: P Acnes In Patients With Bph and Pcamentioning

confidence: 54%

Prostate Infiltration by Treg and Th17 Cells as an Immune Response to Propionibacterium acnes Infection in the Course of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

Radej

Szewc

Maciejewski

2022

IJMS

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“…The bacterium showcased a wide range of virulence factors, including enzymes such as lipases, proteases, and chemotactic factors for immune cells ( 313 ). Reports also indicate the promotion of innate immune cells, including macrophages which release cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor, Il-1, 6, 8, and 12 ( 27 , 314 , 315 ). By upregulating the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IL-17 release contributes to the activation of malignant cell proliferation and the production of new blood cells ( 316 ).…”

Section: Chlamydia Trachomatismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By upregulating the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IL-17 release contributes to the activation of malignant cell proliferation and the production of new blood cells ( 316 ). Further, the disbalance in IL-17 and regulatory T-cells (Treg) cells in tumors could aggravate oncogenesis by inducing immunosuppression ( 315 , 317 ).…”

Section: Chlamydia Trachomatismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria-Mediated Oncogenesis and the Underlying Molecular Intricacies: What We Know So Far

et al. 2022

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Cancers are known to have multifactorial etiology. Certain bacteria and viruses are proven carcinogens. Lately, there has been in-depth research investigating carcinogenic capabilities of some bacteria. Reports indicate that chronic inflammation and harmful bacterial metabolites to be strong promoters of neoplasticity. Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric adenocarcinoma is the best illustration of the chronic inflammation paradigm of oncogenesis. Chronic inflammation, which produces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) is hypothesized to cause cancerous cell proliferation. Other possible bacteria-dependent mechanisms and virulence factors have also been suspected of playing a vital role in the bacteria-induced-cancer(s). Numerous attempts have been made to explore and establish the possible relationship between the two. With the growing concerns on anti-microbial resistance and over-dependence of mankind on antibiotics to treat bacterial infections, it must be deemed critical to understand and identify carcinogenic bacteria, to establish their role in causing cancer.

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“…Studies have shown that blocking IL-17 in mice inhibits the development of prostate cancer[ 112 ]. The imbalance in the proportion of CD4 + and IL-17 + cells and CD4 + Foxp3 + T cells, responsible for regulating Treg cells in the tumor microenvironment, may lead to worsening of the inflammatory process and promote carcinogenesis[ 113 , 114 ]. Treg cells are involved in the suppression of antitumor immune responses[ 115 ].…”

Section: Association Between Th17 Response and Different Types Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Th17 immune response and cancer

Marques¹,

Brito²,

Silva³

et al. 2021

WJCO

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and epidemiological projections predict growing cancer mortality rates in the next decades. Cancer has a close relationship with the immune system and, although Th17 cells are known to play roles in the immune response against microorganisms and in autoimmunity, studies have emphasized their roles in cancer pathogenesis. The Th17 immune response profile is involved in several types of cancer including urogenital, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin cancers. This type of immune response exerts pro and antitumor functions through several mechanisms, depending on the context of each tumor, including the protumor angiogenesis and exhaustion of T cells and the antitumor recruitment of T cells and neutrophils to the tumor microenvironment. Among other factors, the paradoxical behavior of Th17 cells in this setting has been attributed to its plasticity potential, which makes possible their conversion into other types of T cells such as Th17/Treg and Th17/Th1 cells. Interleukin (IL)-17 stands out among Th17-related cytokines since it modulates pathways and interacts with other cell profiles in the tumor microenvironment, which allow Th17 cells to prevail in tumors. Moreover, the IL-17 is able to mediate pro and antitumor processes that influence the development and progression of various cancers, being associated with variable clinical outcomes. The understanding of the relationship between the Th17 immune response and cancer as well as the singularities of carcinogenic processes in each type of tumor is crucial for the identification of new therapeutic targets.

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<p>Infiltrating Treg and Th17 Cells of the Prostate Hypertrophy Gland Associated with <em>Propionibacterium Acnes</em> Infection</p>

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Prostate Infiltration by Treg and Th17 Cells as an Immune Response to Propionibacterium acnes Infection in the Course of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

Prostate Infiltration by Treg and Th17 Cells as an Immune Response to Propionibacterium acnes Infection in the Course of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

Bacteria-Mediated Oncogenesis and the Underlying Molecular Intricacies: What We Know So Far

Relationship between Th17 immune response and cancer

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