<p><strong>Novelties in <em>Thismia</em> (Thismiaceae) from South Brazilian Amazon with the description of a new species</strong></p>

Abstract

We present novelties in Thismiaceae for the south of the Brazilian Amazon, resulting from botanical expeditions in the north of the Mato Grosso State. The occurrence of four species is recorded: Thismia hyalina; T. melanomitra; T. singeri and a species new to science: T. ribeiroi. These are the first records of the family Thismiaceae, as well as of the genus Thismia and these species for the Mato Grosso State. Thismia melanomitra is a new species for the flora of Brazil and T. singeri is the second record of the species for Brazil. In this study, we also describe and illustrate the new species Thismia ribeiroi.

Comparative Analysis of Plastid Genomes in the Non-photosynthetic Genus Thismia Reveals Ongoing Gene Set Reduction

“…The increasing availability of complete plastomes of Dioscoreales and especially Burmanniaceae ( Ma et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2019 ) also gives an opportunity to use larger datasets comprising the entire plastomes to reconstruct the relationships within this order and, in particular, to elucidate the phylogenetic vicinity of Thismiaceae (though this requires caution about long branch attraction – see Lam et al, 2018 ; Schelkunov et al, 2019 ). Thismia is a highly underexplored genus; more than 30 species of this genus were described after 2015 (e.g., Hroneš et al, 2018 ; Da Silva et al, 2020 ; Dančák et al, 2020b ; Xu et al, 2020 ) and species complexes with uncertain boundaries between taxa become evident with discovery of new populations ( Dančák et al, 2020b ; Nuraliev et al, 2020 ). The majority of species of Thismia were described based exclusively on morphology, and the position of many of them in Thismia phylogeny remains unclear ( Shepeleva et al, 2020 ).…”

A new species of Mormodes (Orchidaceae: Catasetinae) from southern Amazon, Brazil

“…Due to the increase in deforestation in the Mato Grosso state on the last years in areas of Legal Amazon (INPE 2020), the knowledge gaps in Amazon biome, the lack of funding for collecting projects and longterm storage of the resulting reference collections (Zappi et al 2016), it is likely that its biodiversity is underestimate. This has been demonstrated by the amount of recent studies describing new taxa (e.g., Petini-Benelli and Soares-Lopes 2015; Engels et al 2016;Pellegrini et al 2016;Pessoa et al 2016;Daly 2017;Engels and Canestraro 2017;Labiak et al 2018;Martins et al 2018;Engels et al 2019;Koch et al 2019;Sagella and Calonje 2019;Bohn et al 2020;Silva et al 2020) and showing new distribution records (e.g., Zappi et al 2011;Moura 2016;Zappi et al 2016;Ferneda Rocha and Engels 2017;Engels and Marinho 2018;. Thereby, the description of this new species contributes and expands the floristic knowledge from northern Mato Grosso State, in the south edge of Brazilian Amazon, an area that still below its real richness and diversity.…”

Ombrohydrochory in Thismia panamensis (Standley) Jonk: a mycoheterotrophic species in Brazilian Cerrado forests

“…clavigera , suggesting that seed dispersal occurred by rain splash. Cup‐shaped, dehiscent fruits are a common characteristic conserved in this group, being reported for several species of the genus (Jarvie 1996; Chantanaorrapint 2008; Voloschen et al 2013; Mar & Saunders 2015; Suetsugu et al 2018; Silva et al 2020). A unilocular ovary, with a straight and smooth inner epidermis, as well as exposure of seeds to a mucilaginous matrix inside the fruits, as observed in T .…”

“…They are inconspicuous plants, typically found in humid parts of forest environments and observed most easily during the reproductive stage. Therefore, records of occurrence, identification and taxonomy are still scarce (Mar & Saunders, 2015), although many descriptions or new distributions of the Thismiaceae family have been reported in recent years (Tsukaya & Okada 2005; Chantanaorrapint & Sridith 2007; Larsen & Averyanov 2007; Chantanaorrapint 2008; Ho et al 2009; Mar & Saunders 2015; Dančák et al 2018; Suetsugu et al 2018; Dančák et al 2020; Silva et al 2020). This has increased, by more than three‐fold, the known diversity of the group in the last decade.…”

“…Currently, 85 species of Thismia are described, with pantropical distribution, predominantly in the Malay Peninsula, Australia and South America (Dančák et al 2020). In Brazil, there are approximately 13 species of Thismia , seven of which are endemic (Flora do Brasil, 2020), distributed in the Amazon, with six species recorded (Voloschen et al 2013; Silva et al 2020), and in the Atlantic Forest, with nine species recorded (Maas et al 1986; Mancinelli et al 2012; Souza & Lorenzi 2012). Recently, a first record of the Thismiaceae for the Cerrado was recorded: Thismia panamensis (Guilherme et al 2016), the focal species of this study.…”