<p>MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma</p>

Abstract

Introduction: The objective of this study was to assess the clinical significance of determining the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and TIMP-2 in the peripheral blood of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Methods: Forty-nine patients with benign thyroid lesions and 57 patients with DTC were examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method preoperatively and 1 month after operation. Results: The levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in the peripheral blood of patients with DTC were significantly higher than those measured in patients with benign thyroid disease (P<0.05). After surgery, these levels in the peripheral blood of patients with benign thyroid lesions were not significantly changed (P>0.05). However, after operation, these levels in the peripheral blood of patients with DTC were significantly lower (P<0.05). These levels in the serum of patients with DTC which were tumor-node-metastasis stage, tumor diameter ≥l cm, infiltrating capsula outside or existing lymph metastasis were significantly higher than those reported in patients with early tumor-node-metastasis stage, tumor diameter <l cm or absence of lymph metastasis (P<0.05). Discussion: Detecting the levels of these factors in peripheral blood is helpful in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions, and can be used as a basis for the prognosis of DTC.

Cancer Stem Cells in Thyroid Tumors: From the Origin to Metastasis

“…Its expression levels are positively correlated to tumor growth, tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) stage, metastasis, and recurrence. In particular, Zhang et al found that the presurgery peripheral blood levels of TIMP-1 and MMP9 in patients with differentiated TCs are significantly elevated, although TIMP-1 expression levels still remain lower than MMP-9 levels, thus promoting the development of cancer because the balance between the two was broken ( 141 ).…”

<p>The Blood Biomarkers of Thyroid Cancer</p>

“…At the same time, they also proposed that MMP-9 and TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 may have analogous effects, and the imbalance between MMP and TIMP may cause tumor progression. 57 Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is an endothelial cell adhesion molecule that is involved in the process of leukocyte rolling, adhesion and transfer to inflammatory sites. Hu et al measured serum levels of VAP-1 in patients with thyroid cancer and benign thyroid adenomas, and found that serum VAP-1 levels in the thyroid cancer group were significantly lower than those in the healthy control group and the benign nodule group.…”

Clinical value of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation treatment for papillary thyroid carcinoma

“…MMPs play important roles in pathophysiological processes, such as the dynamic extracellular matrix balance, as well as in tissue remodeling and repair. 10 Tumor cells may induce the matrix to secrete MMPs via a series of signaling pathways, thus providing favorable conditions for tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Surgical resection is a traditional method for the treatment of thyroid nodules.…”

“…The collagenases matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 can degrade type IV collagen in the basement membrane, with important implications for tumor angiogenesis, and tumor cell invasion and metastasis. 10 MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression levels were found to be up-regulated in thyroid cancer tissue; 11 however, these studies mostly examined pathological tissues after invasive surgery, and less-invasive measures, such as serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9, have been less-well considered. In this study, we detected serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with PTC before and after ultrasound-guided RFA.…”