<p>Plasma Metabolomics and Lipidomics Reveal Perturbed Metabolites in Different Disease Stages of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease</p>

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow restriction. It is usually manifested as airway and/or alveolar abnormalities caused by significant exposure to harmful particulates or gases. Objective: We aim to explore plasma metabolomic changes in the acute exacerbation stage of COPD (AECOPD) and stable stage of COPD (Stable COPD) to identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis in clinical practice. Methods: Untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics analyses were performed to investigate dysregulated molecules in blood plasma of AECOPD patients (n=48) and Stable COPD (n=48), and a cohort of healthy people were included as a control group (n=48). Statistical analysis and bioinformatics analysis were performed to reveal dysregulated metabolites and perturbed metabolic pathways. SVM-based multivariate ROC analysis was used for candidate biomarker screening. Results: A total of 142 metabolites and 688 lipids were dysregulated in COPD patients. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that several metabolic pathways were perturbed after COPD onset. Several biomarker panels were proposed for diagnosis of COPD vs healthy control and AECOPD vs Stable COPD with AUC greater than 0.9. Conclusion: Numerous plasma metabolites and several metabolic pathways were detected relevant to COPD disease onset or progression. These metabolites may be considered as candidate biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis of COPD. The perturbed pathways involved in COPD provide clues for further pathological mechanism studies of COPD.

Metabolome Features of COPD: A Scoping Review

“…In a study of 133 patients with COPD and 101 normal pulmonary function controls from Peking University, China, changes in the amino acid metabolism pathways that suggest a protein breakdown were reported in COPD patients [ 25 ]. Gillenwater et al reported COPD associations with glutamate; arginine and proline metabolism; lysine metabolism; methionine; cysteine; SAM and taurine metabolism; and phenylalanine metabolism [ 26 ].…”

“…In a serum NMR study of 157 subjects from the SPIROMICS cohort, 20 out of 27 metabolites (mostly amino acids, including tryptophan, and BCAAs) were lower in those with at least one exacerbation during the preceding year [ 42 ]. In the Peking University China study, there was a subset of the matched study of 48 healthy controls, 48 stable COPD patients, and 48 patients with an acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), in which glutamylphenylalanine and taurine were lower with AECOPD [ 25 ].…”

Dynamic changes of serum metabolites associated with infection and severity of patients with acute hepatitis E infection

“…ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; INR, international normalized ratio metabolism. 36 Porphyrin and its derivative compounds are widely present in vital organelles related to energy transfer, and play a key role in blood cells carrying oxygen for respiration. 37 In the past few years, researchers have found that acetic acid, sorbitol, D-lactic acid, hexanoic acid, L-naphthalenamine, butanoic acid, phosphoric acid, D-glucitol, and glucose concentration in the serum samples of patients with HBV were the strongest segregation between cirrhosis group and non-cirrhosis group.…”

“…Khosla and Fungwe 35 provided information that increasing the intake of linoleic acid has a significant beneficial effect on the progression of atherosclerosis. Phenylalanine is one of the essential amino acids, and the activity level of the phenylalanine metabolism pathway may reflect the synthesis and breakdown state of the systematic protein, and together with tyrosine, it synthesizes important biomolecules and takes part in carbohydrate and fat metabolism 36 . Porphyrin and its derivative compounds are widely present in vital organelles related to energy transfer, and play a key role in blood cells carrying oxygen for respiration 37 …”

Azithromycin ameliorated cigarette smoke-induced airway epithelial barrier dysfunction by activating Nrf2/GCL/GSH signaling pathway

“…Therefore, metabolomics has been widely applied in various elds, such as drug toxicity, disease diagnosis, and pharmacodynamic study [40][41][42]. To elucidate the mechanisms though which AZI ameliorated CSE-induced airway epithelial barrier dysfunction, we performed metabolomics pro ling.…”