&lt;p&gt;Synthesis, characterization, and mechanistic studies of a gold nanoparticle–amphotericin B covalent conjugate with enhanced antileishmanial efficacy and reduced cytotoxicity&lt;/p&gt;

Kumar, Prakash; Shivam, Pushkar; Mandal, Saptarshi; Prasanna, Pragya; Kumar, Saurabh; Prasad, Surendra Rajit; Kumar, Ashish; Das, Prolay; Ali, Vahab; Singh, Shubhankar Kumar; Mandal, Debabrata

doi:10.2147/ijn.s196421

Cited by 55 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…However, nephrotoxicity is very common due to poor water solubility and aggregation of Amphotericin. So, Kumar et al [60] developed a water-soluble covalent conjugate of gold nanoparticles with a polyene antibiotic Amphotericin B for improved antileishmanial efficacy and reduced cytotoxicity. Macrophages treated with gold nanoparticles with Amphotericin B showed increased immunostimulatory T h 1 (IL-12 and interferon-γ) response compared with standard Amphotericin B.…”

Section: Nanoparticle-based Treatment For Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanobiotechnology for the Detection and Control of Waterborne Parasites

Hikal¹,

Bratovčić²,

Baeshen³

et al. 2021

OJE

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Nowadays, the fast development of nanobiotechnology, has led to rapid diagnosis of important infectious diseases such as arboviruses-borne diseases, vector-borne infections and waterborne parasites diseases and others in order to reduce and avoid further dissemination of the infections within the general population. Furthermore, new nanomedicines based on the application of silver and gold nanoparticles which are less toxic, more effective, and that does not generate resistance could help to solve the problems of parasitic disease like leishmaniasis and chagas disease. It turns out that the combination of nanoparticles with antibiotics not only reduces the toxicity of both agents towards human cells but also enhances their ability to destroy bacteria by facilitating the binding of antibiotics to the microbes. Moreover, combining nanoparticles with antimicrobial peptides and essential oils with nanoparticles generates genuine synergy against microbial resistance.

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Section: Nanoparticle-based Treatment For Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanobiotechnology for the Detection and Control of Waterborne Parasites

Hikal¹,

Bratovčić²,

Baeshen³

et al. 2021

OJE

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“…Moreover, these studies showed a size-dependent efficacy of the drug system, with optimal efficacy for 35 nm nanoparticles. Another advantage antibiotic delivery system mediated by AuNPs is the drug-controlled release, where AuNPs loaded with Amphotericin B showed an increase of biocidal efficiency of 78%, with less cytotoxicity and hemolytic toxicity to the host when compared to the antibiotic alone ( Kumar et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Alternative Antibacterial Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci – From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to Nanomedicines

et al. 2020

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The pyogenic streptococci group includes pathogenic species for humans and other animals and has been associated with enduring morbidity and high mortality. The main reason for the treatment failure of streptococcal infections is the increased resistance to antibiotics. In recent years, infectious diseases caused by pyogenic streptococci resistant to multiple antibiotics have been raising with a significant impact to public health and veterinary industry. The rise of antibiotic-resistant streptococci has been associated to diverse mechanisms, such as efflux pumps and modifications of the antimicrobial target. Among streptococci, antibiotic resistance emerges from previously sensitive populations as result of horizontal gene transfer or chromosomal point mutations due to excessive use of antimicrobials. Streptococci strains are also recognized as biofilm producers. The increased resistance of biofilms to antibiotics among streptococci promote persistent infection, which comprise circa 80% of microbial infections in humans. Therefore, to overcome drug resistance, new strategies, including new antibacterial and antibiofilm agents, have been studied. Interestingly, the use of systems based on nanoparticles have been applied to tackle infection and reduce the emergence of drug resistance. Herein, we present a synopsis of mechanisms associated to drug resistance in (pyogenic) streptococci and discuss some innovative strategies as alternative to conventional antibiotics, such as bacteriocins, bacteriophage, and phage lysins, and metal nanoparticles. We shall provide focused discussion on the advantages and limitations of agents considering application, efficacy and safety in the context of impact to the host and evolution of bacterial resistance.

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“…RAW 264.1 cells were maintained in RPMI-1640 medium and infected with promastigotes as described [3]. Parasite-infected macrophages, grown for another 24 h, were treated with varying concentrations of DHF (5-160 μM), DHF-GNP (5-160 μM) and c-GNP (5-80 μM) and chamber slides were washed and supplemented with fresh medium and kept in a CO 2 incubator for another 12 h.…”

Section: Ex Vivo Assay Against Amastigotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Promastigotes (5×10 6 cells/ml) were treated with DHF (120-240 µM), DHF-GNP (40-80 µM) and c-GNP (20 µM) for 12 hours and then harvested. Cells were lysed and the SOD enzyme activity assay was performed as described [3]. AmB (0.…”

Section: Superoxide Dismutase (Sod) Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of 7, 8 –dihydroxyflavone functionalized gold nanoparticles and its mechanism of action against Leishmania donovani

Prasanna

Kumar

Mandal

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background – The synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using drugs, synthetic and natural compounds, proteins, nucleic acids have become beneficial due to improved biological activity coupled with reduced cytotoxicity. In this regard, green synthesis of GNPs using plant extract enriched with flavonoids has shown increased attention due to improved antimicrobial efficacy, greater solubility, and better bioavailability of the flavonoid conjugated with GNPs. We have used 7, 8 dihydroxyflavone (DHF), a flavonoid that is enriched in plants and known for neurotropic and antioxidant activities, for the synthesis of GNP. In this report, we have investigated synthesis, characterization, and biological activity of DHF synthesized GNP against parasite Leishmania donovani . Results – Synthesized DHF functionalized GNPs (DHF-GNPs) are ~35 nm in size with zeta potential values of -34.1 mV, as observed from DLS studies. UV-Visible spectroscopy and FT-IR analysis confirms successful conjugation of DHF over GNP. TEM imaging shows uniform size and spherical distribution of NPs. Against L. donovani promastigotes IC 50 for DHF and DHF-GNP is ~140 µM and ~40 µM respectively. In ex vivo amastigote model, IC 50 for DHF and DHF-GNP is ~40 µM and ~22 µM respectively. Even with 1000 µM of DHF-GNP, cytotoxicity is only ~30% on THP1 cells indicating its high biocompatibility. In DHF-GNP treated parasites, activity of arginase decreases in a dose-dependent manner as evident from gene expression and enzyme-based studies. Supplementation of treated cells with ornithine, metabolite of arginase, shows the highest recovery from death. This indicates inhibition of arginase as the main reason for parasite death. Induction of IFN-γ and reduction IL-12 cytokine response shows a possible T h 1/T h 2-mediated cell death. Also, DHF and DHF-GNP are equally effective against sensitive and drug-resistant strains of L. donovani . Conclusion – Low cytotoxicity and high biological activity may provide an alternative but improved delivery of DHF whose solubility increases due to conjugation with GNP. Further efficacy against drug-resistant strains could be beneficial instead of conventional chemotherapy for leishmaniasis. Keywords : Functionalized gold nanoparticle, DHF, DHF-GNP, arginase inhibition, drug-resistant Parasite, iNOS activation

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<p>Synthesis, characterization, and mechanistic studies of a gold nanoparticle–amphotericin B covalent conjugate with enhanced antileishmanial efficacy and reduced cytotoxicity</p>

Cited by 55 publications

References 90 publications

Nanobiotechnology for the Detection and Control of Waterborne Parasites

Nanobiotechnology for the Detection and Control of Waterborne Parasites

Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci – From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to Nanomedicines

Synthesis of 7, 8 –dihydroxyflavone functionalized gold nanoparticles and its mechanism of action against Leishmania donovani

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