<p>The Association of Dietary Polyphenol Intake with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study</p>

Abstract

Purpose: The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between daily consumption of total polyphenol and its subclasses and the incidence of diabetes. Materials and Methods: Eligible adults (n=6,547) were chosen from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) with an average follow-up of 3.0±1.6 years. Dietary intakes were evaluated using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Biochemical variables and anthropometrics were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examinations. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in relation to total intake of polyphenol and its subclasses (flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and lignans). Results: This study was conducted on 2,882 men and 3,665 women, aged 41.3±14.6 and 39.0±13.4 years, respectively. The number of participants with the new-onset T2DM was 253. Mean intake of total polyphenol was 346±245 mg/1000 kcal. Risk of type 2 diabetes decreased from quartiles 1 to 4 for total polyphenols (HR: 1.00, 0.37, 0.61, 0.50, P trend <0.01), phenolic acids (HR: 1.00, 0.57, 0.49, 0.45, P trend <0.01), and lignans (HR: 1.00, 0.67, 0.61, 0.60, P trend <0.01), whereas non-significant results were found for flavonoids and stilbenes. This study suggests an inverse association between total intake of polyphenols, phenolic acids, and lignin, and the risk of T2DM. Conclusion: These results emphasize the potential protective role of polyphenol rich food groups (especially fruits and vegetables) in the prevention of T2DM.

Blueberry as an Attractive Functional Fruit to Prevent (Pre)Diabetes Progression

“…Accordingly, prospective and meta-analyses studies revealed an inverse correlation between fruit and vegetable intake and the increased risk and incidence of T2DM [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Moreover, the potential beneficial roles of phytochemicals (e.g., polyphenols, prebiotic fibers) and macronutrients in plant-based diets for the prevention of metabolic syndrome and T2DM are emerging [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Among various bioactive components, epidemiological studies and randomized clinical trials clearly demonstrate that diets with high-content of polyphenolic compounds, high antioxidant capacity and prebiotic/probiotic/symbiotic activities are inversely associated with the risk of insulin resistance and (pre)diabetes progression [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Association of ideal cardiovascular health metrics and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus among an urban population of Iran: One decade follow up in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

“…Furthermore, a high intake of white rice (>250 g/day), with a high glycemic load among the Iranian population, is reported to confer a twofold increase in the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus 45 . Higher intake of polyphenols, which are abundant in tea and coffee, and nut consumption, are also shown to reduce the type 2 diabetes mellitus risk 46 , 47 .…”

Tea and Wellness throughout Life

“…Tea consumption also reduced the incidence of type 2 diabetes in a further meta-analysis (involving 18 studies with information on 457,922 participants) [39]. Polyphenols in all types of tea, particularly phenolic acids, have been highlighted as the likely contributors to metabolic health [40]. Tea appears to protect metabolic health via several possible mechanisms, including enhancing insulin action, ameliorating the insulin resistance, activating insulin signaling pathway, protecting islet β-cells, scavenging free radicals, and decreasing inflammation [41].…”

“…Emerging evidence also shows that tea consumption is associated with improved mental health with the polyphenol content thought to contribute to the reduced risk of type 2 diabetes observed in some studies [40] and bone health although not all findings are consistent. Some preliminary evidence also indicates a benefit of tea drinking on bone health.…”