<p>Upregulation of STC2 in colorectal cancer and its clinicopathological significance</p>

Abstract

Background Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) is a glycoprotein hormone involved in many biological processes and a secretory protein that regulates malignant tumor progression. The aim of the present study was to further explore the clinicopathological significance and prognostic role of STC2 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods In this study, STC2 expression was first investigated in Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas, and then validated with the data from our medical center. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the association between prognostic factors and survival outcome. Results In Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases, bioinformatics analysis confirmed that STC2 was significantly increased in CRC compared with that in normal tissues ( P <0.01), and CRC patients with high STC2 expression had a shorter overall survival. By analyzing data from our medical center, the results also showed that STC2 expression of CRC tissues was higher than that in normal tissues, whether the transcriptional or protein levels. In the CRC tissues, high STC2 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis ( P =0.047), distant metastasis ( P =0.040), and advanced clinical stage ( P =0.047). Moreover, Kaplan–Meier analyses indicated that high STC2 expression predicted a worse prognosis, and multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that STC2 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (HR =1.976, 95% CI: 1.092–3.576, P =0.024) in patients with CRC. Conclusion Our results suggested that STC2 played an important role in CRC progression and prognosis, and could be a useful biomarker for survival prediction.

A Novel Prognostic Index Based on the Analysis of Glycolysis-Related Genes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas

“…Among them, STC2 can regulate glucose homeostasis [ 45 ]. Studies have found that high expression of STC2 is associated with tumor invasion, metastasis, and poor prognosis [ 46 ]. STC1 uncouples the process of oxidative phosphorylation via an increased expression of mitochondrial UCP2 [ 47 ].…”

A Prognostic Model Based on the Immune-related Genes in Colon Adenocarcinoma

“…Wnt signaling pathway activation, a signal for CRC carcinogenesis, has recently been reported to cause decreased level of SLC10A2 [45]. STC2 has recently been reported as an independent prognostic biomarker, whose expression is related to colon cancer progression [46]. The overexpression of ESM1 in serum of CRC patients has been revealed Ji et al [47].…”

New Insights Into Physiological and Pathophysiological Functions of Stanniocalcin 2

“…Role of STC2 in human cancers has been studied from two different perspectives namely expression of STC2 in specific cancer models and cell lines, and STC2's function in cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Several reports suggest elevated expression of STC2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma, neuroblastoma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell cancer, and prostate cancer (41,(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69). Additionally, expression of STC2 was correlated with tumor invasion, metastasis and size in gastric cancers and hepatocellular carcinoma (70).…”