&lt;title&gt;Development of mercurous halide crystals for acousto-optic devices&lt;/title&gt;

Kim, Joo-Soo; Trivedi, Sudhir; Soos, Jolanta; Gupta, Neelam; Pałosz, W.

doi:10.1117/12.734102

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Under an SBIR program, large-size (2" diameter, 3" length) high-quality Hg 2 Br 2 crystals have been grown by the Brimrose Corp., Sparks, MD, 2 using physical vapor transport (PVT) growth. 32,33 An example of as grown Hg 2 Br 2 crystal, transducer bonded on cut and polished Hg 2 Br 2 crystal and a test AOTF in Hg 2 Br 2 crystal is shown in Figs. 1(a), 1 (b) and 1(c).…”

Section: Mercurous Halidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mercurous halides (Hg 2 Cl 2 , Hg 2 Br 2 and Hg 2 I 2 ) are good acousto-optic (AO) birefringent materials that are transparent over a wide spectral region from the visible to around 30 µm with fairly large values of M 2 , and present an excellent opportunity to develop broadband imaging AOTF devices by application of suitable design and fabrication techniques. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35] The growth of these crystal has recently started.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Noncollinear AOTFs were used in these hyperspectral imagers based on using single crystals of potassium dihydrophosphate (KDP), 7-9 magnesium fluoride (MgF 2 ), 10 tellurium dioxide (TeO 2 ), [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] thallium arsenic selenide (Tl 3 AsSe 3 or TAS), [22][23][24] tellurium (Te) [25][26][27][28] and mercurous bromide (Hg 2 Br 2 ). [29][30][31][32][33] The most commonly used AOTF crystal is TeO 2 . Mercurous halides (Hg 2 Cl 2 , Hg 2 Br 2 and Hg 2 I 2 ) are good acousto-optic (AO) birefringent materials that are transparent over a wide spectral region from the visible to around 30 µm with fairly large values of M 2 , and present an excellent opportunity to develop broadband imaging AOTF devices by application of suitable design and fabrication techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Materials for imaging acousto-optic tunable filters

Gupta

2014

SPIE Proceedings

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Research and development of robust compact hyperspectral imagers that can acquire both spectral and spatial features from a scene of interest is of utmost importance for standoff detection of targets as well as chemical and biological agents and backgrounds. Hyperspectral imagers can acquire images with a large number of narrow spectral bands and take advantage of the characteristic spectral signatures of different materials making up the scene. At the Army Research Laboratory (ARL), we are developing hyperspectral imagers based on acousto-optic tunable filters (AOTFs) that can provide adaptive no-moving-parts imagers from the ultraviolet (UV) to the long wave infrared (LWIR) to acquire a two-dimensional spectral image and build up a two-dimensional image cube as a function of time instead of using traditional grating or prism based approach that requires relative motion between sensor and scene. Here, we will review the development of different imaging AOTFs operating from the UV to the LWIR based on a variety of birefringent materials and include the spectral imaging carried out with these filters including both with single and double piezoelectric transducers. We will also include the theoretical background needed to carry out the filter design and discuss development of mercurous halide crystals that can be used to develop AOTFs operating over a wide spectral region from the visible to the LWIR.

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Section: Mercurous Halidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Materials for imaging acousto-optic tunable filters

Gupta

2014

SPIE Proceedings

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“…8. (6) and (13), one can find the spectral bandwidth Δλ, determine the frequency resolution as δf ¼ V∕ð2DÞ, and then obtain the number of resolvable spots N ¼ Δf∕δf ¼ Δλ∕δλ. Consequently, these data show that further development of a new approach to optical Shcherbakov and Arellanes: Calomel-made crystalline acousto-optical cell designed for an advanced regime.…”

Section: General Estimations For the Calomel-made Acousto-optical Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calomel-made crystalline acousto-optical cell designed for an advanced regime of noncollinear two-phonon light scattering

Shcherbakov

Arellanes

2016

Opt. Eng

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Calomel-made crystalline acousto-optical cell designed for an advanced regime of noncollinear two-phonon light scattering," Opt. Eng. 55(3), 037107 (2016), Abstract. We study the potentials of a wide-aperture crystalline calomel-made acousto-optical cell. Characterizing this cell is nontrivial due to the chosen regime based on an advanced noncollinear two-phonon light scattering. Recently revealed important features of this phenomenon are essentially exploited in the cell and are investigated in more detail. These features can be observed more easily and simply in tetragonal crystals, e.g., calomel, exhibiting specific acousto-optical nonlinearity caused by the acoustic waves of finite amplitude. This parametric nonlinearity manifests itself at low acoustic powers in calomel possessing linear acoustic attenuation. The formerly identified additional degree of freedom, unique to this regime, is exploited for designing the cell with an eye to doubling the resolution due to two-phonon processes. We clarify the role of varying the central acoustic frequency and acoustic attenuation using that degree of freedom. Then the efficiency of calomel is exploited to expand the cell's bandwidth with a cost of its efficiency. Proof-of-principle experiments confirm the developed approaches and illustrate their applicability to innovative techniques of optical spectrum analysis with the improved resolution. The achieved spectral resolution of 0.205 Å at 405 nm and the resolving power 19,800 are the best for acousto-optical spectrometers dedicated to space or airborne operations to date as far as we know. Downloaded From: http://opticalengineering.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/25/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Optical Engineering 037107-2 March 2016 • Vol. 55(3) Shcherbakov and Arellanes: Calomel-made crystalline acousto-optical cell designed for an advanced regime. . . Downloaded From: http://opticalengineering.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/25/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Shcherbakov and Arellanes: Calomel-made crystalline acousto-optical cell designed for an advanced regime. . . Downloaded From: http://opticalengineering.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/25/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Optical Engineering 037107-12 March 2016 • Vol. 55(3) Shcherbakov and Arellanes: Calomel-made crystalline acousto-optical cell designed for an advanced regime. . . Downloaded From: http://opticalengineering.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/25/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx

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“…Thus, the unique acousto-optical properties allow the AOTF to selectively obtain a diffraction signal for each wavelength by modulating the frequency applied to the AOTF apparatus. AOTF devices have potential use for a variety of applications, such as measurements of a cell monolayer, mineral exploration, environmental monitoring, process control, and the identification of toxic biological agents [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-depth Investigation of Hg2Br2 Crystal Growth and Evolution

Kim

Lee²,

Kang³

et al. 2019

Materials

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Physical vapor transport (PVT) has frequently been adopted for the synthesis of mercurous bromide (Hg2Br2) single crystals for acousto-optic modulators. However, thus far, very few in-depth studies have been conducted that elucidate the growth process of the Hg2Br2 single crystal. This paper reports an in-depth investigation regarding the crystal growth and evolution behavior of the Hg2Br2 crystal with facet growth mode. Based on the experimental and simulation results, the temperature profile conditions concerning the seed generation and seed growth could be optimized. Next, the PVT-grown Hg2Br2 crystals (divided into single crystal and quasi-single crystal regions) were characterized using various analysis techniques. The single-crystal Hg2Br2 was found to possess a more uniform strain than that of the quasi-single crystal through a comparison of the X-ray diffraction data. Meanwhile, the binding energy states and electron backscatter diffraction images of the as-synthesized Hg2Br2 crystals were similar, regardless of the crystal type. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses provided information on the atomic vibration mode and atomic structures of the two kinds of samples. The synergistic combination of the simulation and experimental results used to verify the growth mechanism facilitates the synthesis of high-quality Hg2Br2 crystals for potential acousto-optic tunable filter device applications.

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<title>Development of mercurous halide crystals for acousto-optic devices</title>

Cited by 19 publications

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Materials for imaging acousto-optic tunable filters

Materials for imaging acousto-optic tunable filters

Calomel-made crystalline acousto-optical cell designed for an advanced regime of noncollinear two-phonon light scattering

In-depth Investigation of Hg2Br2 Crystal Growth and Evolution

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