“…Birefringent crystals are of great importance as they can act as various polarization devices such as an optical circulator, electro-optic device, Q switch, beam splitter, and optical isolator, which have wide applications in scientific instrumentation, optical communications, the laser industry, etc. − Borates are widely known as an optical material resource in the ultraviolet–visible region, − including the “China brand” crystals β-BaB 2 O 4 , LiB 3 O 5 , and KBBF and birefringent materials, such as α-BaB 2 O 4 ( α- BBO), Ba 2 Mg(B 3 O 6 ) 2 , , Ba 2 Ca(B 3 O 6 ) 2 , Ba 3 Y(B 3 O 6 ) 2 , Ca 3 (BO 3 ) 2 , CaB 2 O 4 , etc. Herein, the planar [B 3 O 6 ] group was regarded as an outstanding birefringent gene, which has the largest polarization anisotropy among all borate groups.…”