&lt;title&gt;Volume-phase holographic gratings and their potential for astronomical applications&lt;/title&gt;

Barden, Samuel C.; Arns, James A.; Colburn, W. S.

doi:10.1117/12.316806

Cited by 111 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…8, 9, and 10. The energy lost by internal absorption in the dichromated gelatin layer is estimated to be ≤ 1% below 1.8 µm (e.g., [1]) and those by combined surface reflections at boundaries between glass and air are ∼ 10%. Our data may therefore indicate a larger internal absorption.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of throughput variation across a large format volume-phase holographic grating

Tamura¹,

Murray²,

Sharples³

et al. 2005

Opt. Express

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Abstract:In this paper, we report measurements of diffraction efficiency and angular dispersion for a large format (∼ 25 cm diameter) Volume-Phase Holographic (VPH) grating optimized for near-infrared wavelengths (0.9 ∼ 1.8 µm). The aim of this experiment is to see whether optical characteristics vary significantly across the grating. We sampled three positions in the grating aperture with a separation of 5 cm between each. A 2 cm diameter beam is used to illuminate the grating. At each position, throughput and diffraction angle were measured at several wavelengths. It is found that whilst the relationship between diffraction angle and wavelength is nearly the same at the three positions, the throughputs vary by up to ∼ 10% from position to position. We explore the origin of the throughput variation by comparing the data with predictions from coupled-wave analysis. We find that it can be explained by a combination of small variations over the grating aperture in gelatin depth and/or refractive index modulation amplitude, and amount of energy loss by internal absorption and/or surface reflection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Volume-Phase Holographic (VPH) gratings potentially have many advantages over classical surface-relief gratings ( [1]; [2]). They are already in operation in some existing astronomical spectrographs and their use is also planned for a number of forthcoming instruments (e.g., [7]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of throughput variation across a large format volume-phase holographic grating

Tamura¹,

Murray²,

Sharples³

et al. 2005

Opt. Express

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“…Volume phase holographic gratings (VPHGs) are good candidate for these aims (Barden et al 1998(Barden et al , 2000Blanche et al 2004).…”

Section: Production Of Large-size Volume Phase Holographic Gratingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Volume phase holographic gratings (VPHGs) are good candidate for these aims (Barden et al 1998;Barden et al 2000;Blanche et al 2004). This kind of dispersing element exploits the periodical difference in refractive index that takes place in particular materials, therefore the diffraction happens in the volume of the material.…”

Section: Volume Phase Holographic Gratingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges in optics for Extremely Large Telescope instrumentation

Spanó¹,

Zerbi

Norrie

et al. 2006

Astron Nachr

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We describe and summarize the optical challenges for future instrumentation for Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs). Knowing the complex instrumental requirements is crucial for the successful design of 30-60 m aperture telescopes. After all, the success of ELTs will heavily rely on its instrumentation and this, in turn, will depend on the ability to produce large and ultra-precise optical components like light-weight mirrors, aspheric lenses, segmented filters, and large gratings. New materials and manufacturing processes are currently under study, both at research institutes and in industry. In the present paper, we report on its progress with particular emphasize on volume-phase-holographic gratings, photochromic materials, sintered silicon-carbide mirrors, ion-beam figuring, ultra-precision surfaces, and free-form optics. All are promising technologies opening new degrees of freedom to optical designers. New optronic-mechanical systems will enable efficient use of the very large focal planes. We also provide exploratory descriptions of "old" and "new" optical technologies together with suggestions to instrument designers to overcome some of the challenges placed by ELT instrumentation.

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et al. 2002

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A way to fully exploit the large collecting area of modern 8–10m class telescopes is high resolution spectroscopy. Many astrophysical problems from planetary science to cosmology benefit from spectroscopic observations at the highest resolution currently achievable and would benefit from even higher resolutions. Indeed in the era of 8–10m class telescopes no longer the telescope collecting area but the size of the beam – which is related to the maximum size in which reflection gratings are manufactured – is what mainly limits the resolution. A resolution‐slit product Rφ ≃ 40,000 is the maximum currently provided by a beam of 20 cm illuminating the largest grating mosaics. We present a conceptual design for a spectrograph with Rφ ≃ 80,000, i.e. twice as large as that of existing instruments. Examples of the possible exploitation of such a high Rφ value, including spectropolarimetry and very high resolution (R ∼ 300,000), are discussed in detail. The new concept is illustrated through the specific case of a high resolution spectropolarimeter for the Large Binocular Telescope.

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<title>Volume-phase holographic gratings and their potential for astronomical applications</title>

Cited by 111 publications

References 21 publications

Measurement of throughput variation across a large format volume-phase holographic grating

Measurement of throughput variation across a large format volume-phase holographic grating

Challenges in optics for Extremely Large Telescope instrumentation

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