&lt;title&gt;Wavelength-based analog-to-digital conversion&lt;/title&gt;

Zmuda, Henry; Hayduk, Michael J.; Bussjager, Rebecca; Toughlian, Edward N.

doi:10.1117/12.454385

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…In this class of photonic ADC, an electronic sample and hold circuit produces a staircase voltage waveform that is used to vary the wavelength of a semiconductor laser [86][87][88][89][90][91]133] ( Zmuda 2001and Toughlian et al 2000, Pala et al 2001, Johansson et al 2000 as shown in Fig. 15.…”

Section: Photonic Quantized and Electronically Sampled Adcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic Analog-to-Digital Converters A Tutorial

Valley

2009

Optical Fiber Communication Conference and National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference

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This paper reviews over 30 years of work on photonic analog-todigital converters. The review is limited to systems in which the input is a radio-frequency (RF) signal in the electronic domain and the output is a digital version of that signal also in the electronic domain, and thus the review excludes photonic systems directed towards digitizing images or optical communication signals. The state of the art in electronic ADCs, basic properties of ADCs and properties of analog optical links, which are found in many photonic ADCs, are reviewed as background information for understanding photonic ADCs. Then four classes of photonic ADCs are reviewed: 1) photonic assisted ADC in which a photonic device is added to an electronic ADC to improve performance, 2) photonic sampling and electronic quantizing ADC, 3) electronic sampling and photonic quantizing ADC, and 4) photonic sampling and quantizing ADC. It is noted, however, that all 4 classes of "photonic ADC" require some electronic sampling and quantization. After reviewing all known photonic ADCs in the four classes, the review concludes with a discussion of the potential for photonic ADCs in the future.

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Section: Photonic Quantized and Electronically Sampled Adcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic Analog-to-Digital Converters A Tutorial

Valley

2009

Optical Fiber Communication Conference and National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference

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Photonic Analog‐to‐Digital Conversion

2024

Microwave Photonics

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Optical-spectrum-encoded analog-to-digital converter

Liao

Yang

2007

Optoelectron. Lett.

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A novel optical-spectrum-encoded (OSE) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is proposed in this letter. To simply exemplify the conversion idea, a 5-bit device structure consisted of Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) is analyzed and numerically simulated. The dependence of peak-transmission wavelength on modulation voltage in an electro-optical FPI and the dependence of transmitted power on incident light wavelength in an FPI are discussed and utilized to implement OSEADC.A linearly tunable mode-locked laser, as a voltage-wavelength transformer and a sampler, and chirped grating FPIs, as an encoder array, can be used to obtain much greater sampling rate and bit-resolution. CLC numbers: TH867 + .91, Document code: A Article ID: 1673-1905(2007)03-0227-04 DOI Photonic ADCs utilize optical methods to take the place of one or several of the sampling and holding, encoding, and quantizing. In phase-encoded optical sampling technology [1] including Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based [2] and Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) based [3] ADCs, the voltage period of sampled optical pulse sequence from a higher bit is a twice as high as that from an adjacent lower one due to the halved electrode length, thus sampling and encoding are performed at the same place. However, the analog voltage applied on all electrode pairs simultaneously diminishes the modulation bandwidth, and the voltage requirement is very high for multi-bit conversion, which makes the device size too large and the fabrication difficult. In interleaving methods, including WDM [4] , TDM [5] , and time-stretching (TS) of optical pulses sampled [6] , high-rate sampled pulses are divided into several groups, which are converted separately by low-rate electronical ADCs and then interleaved to obtain high-rate digital outputs. Recently, method of photovoltaic [7] , photoconductive [8] S/H, and photoemissive generation of electron pulse train for deflection by analog voltage onto spatially encoded receiver array [9] are reported. Such as Nonlinear optics based ADC setups achieve, e.g., sampling by four wave mixing (FWM) [10] , encoding and quantizing by soliton self-frequency shift (SSFS) and interleaving filters [10,11] .In this letter, a novel method of separating sampling and encoding is proposed; thereby independent optimizations of sampling rate and bit-resolution are possible. To exemplify the conversion idea simply, a 5-bit device structure consisted of FPIs, as illustrated schematically in Fig. 1, is analyzed and numerically simulated. In the left dash-dotted box, the analog voltage is sampled and transformed into wavelength representation, and in the right one, the output of the first box is encoded in wavelength domain. Sampling is accomplished in the former box, and encoding is in the latter. Fig.1 Device structure of a 5-bit OSEADC.Mode-locked laser pulse is injected into an electro-optical FPI via dispersion-flattened fiber (DFF) and band-pass filter (BPF). The filtered light is distributed to encoder array and reference channels, then detected and comp...

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<title>Wavelength-based analog-to-digital conversion</title>

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Photonic Analog-to-Digital Converters A Tutorial

Photonic Analog-to-Digital Converters A Tutorial

Photonic Analog‐to‐Digital Conversion

Optical-spectrum-encoded analog-to-digital converter

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