Lubricity of an oil in water emulsion in metal cutting: The effect of hydrophilic/lypophilic balance of emulsifiers

Pottirayil, Anirudhan; Kailas, Satish V.; Biswas, SK

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.04.009

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This difference in coefficient of friction is attributed to the formation of a boundary film during sliding [2,7]. Carboxylate-type structures (C=O), which gets generated due to the tribological action under repeated sliding conditions in the presence of water will improve the lubricity [9]. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of the disc after sliding in cutting fluid also shown presence of C=O as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The efficiency of the cutting fluid in rendering a low friction layer on the freshly cut surface will depend on the composition of the cutting fluid emulsion and on the speed, load, and temperature characteristics in the tribological system [9]. Evaluation of lubricity of metal cutting fluids necessitates a testing facility which tests their lubricity on freshly cut surfaces.…”

Section: Tool Chip Tribometermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1. A unique tribometer-Tool chip tribometer [TCT] has been used for experimental investigation [9]. The uniqueness is that it can execute friction testing on freshly cut surfaces.…”

Section: Tool Chip Tribometermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Study and Comparison of Lubricity of Green and Commercial Cutting Fluid Using Tool-Chip Tribometer

Parayantayyathu¹,

Vasu

2018

Tribology Online

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A lubricant is a substance introduced between surfaces in mutual contact to reduce friction, which ultimately reduces the heat generated when the surfaces move. Liquid lubricant, designed specifically for metalworking processes, such as turning, drilling, milling etc. is known as cutting fluids (CF). Cutting fluid is a blend or combination of oil, emulsifier and additives, mostly derived from chemicals or petroleum products. However, it has got many side effects as it is toxic and harmful to environment during its disposal. Hence, vegetable based cutting fluid or green cutting fluid (GCF) is being developed and gaining importance with time. Properties of these cutting fluids are dependent on the nature of the base-oil, nature of surfactants and the properties of water used to make the CF. These fluids act on the nascent surfaces generated during cutting to form a low friction boundary layer as they slide past the cutting tool. We propose a unique tool-chip tribometer (TCT) in which these boundary layers, formed by the action of lubricants on freshly cut surfaces, can be generated and their tribological properties alone studied in isolation. This equipment can be used to study the fundamental mechanisms of the lubrication using emulsions on nascent surfaces and can be used in optimizing the composition of such fluids. The scope of this work is to assess different cutting fluids in this tool-chip tribometer. The tribological performances of metal cutting on nascent surfaces are compared. Unlike in the conventional methods of assessing the lubricity of cutting fluids using cutting tests, here the friction has been evaluated separately from cutting forces.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Tool Chip Tribometermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study and Comparison of Lubricity of Green and Commercial Cutting Fluid Using Tool-Chip Tribometer

Parayantayyathu¹,

Vasu

2018

Tribology Online

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“…The cutting oil emulsions produce three positive effects in the process heat elimination on the chip tool interface and chip removal (Pottirayil et al 2011). The emulsion term is generally utilized to describe the blending mixture of two or more immiscible liquids together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Effect on Shear Flow and Time Dependant Modelling of Cutting Oil Emulsion

Hammadi

Boudjenane

Belhadri

2015

Applied Condition Monitoring

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Abstract. The effect of temperature and shear rate on rheological behaviour of cutting oil emulsion was investigated in this work. The model of Herschel-Bulkley was used to fit the shear stress dependence of the shear rate for temperatures between 20°C and 100°C. The temperature increase induced not only a decrease in the yield stress and the consistency index of cutting oil emulsion but also an increase of the flow index of cutting oil emulsion. The temperature dependence of limit viscosity at high shear rate of the cutting oil emulsion was fitted by an Arrhenius equation. For constant shear rate applied on the cutting oil emulsion at 20°C a thixotropic behaviour was observed and analysed using a modified model of Herschel-Bulkley in which a structural parameter λ was included in order to account for time dependent effect.

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“…Several emulsifiers are used in vegetable oils in metalworking fluid formulations, including dibutyl 3,5-dit-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate [28,29], phosphate esters containing a benzotriazole group [29,30], and triazine dithiocarbamate derivatives [31]. Nonionic emulsifiers that may be used to formulate metalworking fluids of vegetable oils are esters from the reaction of acid chlorides with polymeric nonionic surface active agents [32] polyethyleneglycol-460-monooleate, polyethyleneglycol-860-monooleate [33], polyether amines, linear alcohols, and alcohol ethoxylates. Some of these additives are toxic and harmful to humans, wildlife, and the environment [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco‐Friendly Vegetable Oil‐Based Metalworking Fluid (MWFs) from Modification of Glycolyzed Products of Polyurethane

Negm

El-Sukkary

Sayed

et al. 2016

J Surfact & Detergents

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In order to produce environmentally friendly and efficient metalworking fluids and also to reduce the impact of waste polyurethane polymer in the environment, polyurethane polymers were recycled in a novel process. Waste polyurethane foam was glycolyzed using polyethylene glycol 400 to give the glycolyzed product (GPU). The GPU was esterified using oleic acid, linoleic acid, and acids obtained from hydrolysis of rapeseeds oil, coconut oil, and castor oil to obtain GPUO, GPUL, GPUA, GPUB, and GPUC, respectively. The prepared additives were used as emulsifiers in the formulation for metalworking fluid application in the presence of rapeseed oil, coconut oil, and castor oil as environmentally friendly oils. The results showed good stability of the prepared water-vegetable oil emulsions. The pH, specific gravity, kinematic viscosity at 40 and 100°C, surface tension, and anticorrosion tests of the prepared formulation showed acceptable results compared with the published data for several metalworking fluid formulations.

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Lubricity of an oil in water emulsion in metal cutting: The effect of hydrophilic/lypophilic balance of emulsifiers

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Study and Comparison of Lubricity of Green and Commercial Cutting Fluid Using Tool-Chip Tribometer

Study and Comparison of Lubricity of Green and Commercial Cutting Fluid Using Tool-Chip Tribometer

Temperature Effect on Shear Flow and Time Dependant Modelling of Cutting Oil Emulsion

Eco‐Friendly Vegetable Oil‐Based Metalworking Fluid (MWFs) from Modification of Glycolyzed Products of Polyurethane

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