Luminescence characteristics of Nd3+-doped K–Ba–Al-fluorophosphate laser glasses

Optical Properties of Nd3+ Doped Phosphate Glasses at 4F3/2 -> 4I11/2 Hypersensitive Transitions

“…In Table 3 it showed specially the radiative transition for 4 F 3/2  4 I 11/2 level providing the range of wavelength peaks at 1051-1070 nm. The main radiative hypersensitive transition fits with the commercial laser wavelength by N21, N31, LG-770; LG-750 and LGN in Table 1 are glass compositions in references [1,2]. Whereas, laser commercial wavelength which conducted by LHG-5 and LHG-6 has already matched with glass compositions in reference [12].…”

“…It is well known due to phosphate glass able to contain higher concentrations of Nd 3+ ions and still have excellent uniformity relative to other oxide glasses. In other hand, phosphate glass present high strength, low concentration self-quenching, low ESA, low thermal expansion coefficient, long fluorescence lifetime and good optical thermal behavior [1]. Studies on phosphate glass laser transitions at the 4 F 3/2  4 I 11/2 level have produced larger emission cross section, slight emission line-width, higher gain, higher energy storage capacity and minimum optical losses at a wavelength 1.06 m for several applications [2].…”

Optical properties of Nd3+ and Er3+ ions in fluoro-phosphate glasses: Effects of P2O5 concentration and laser applications

“…The splitting is usually not larger than 300 cm −1 . When we deal with ions in glasses, we neglect the site symmetry of the individual ions, such that the 41 electronic states that correspond to the configuration 4f 11 of Er and the 41 states for the configuration 4f 3 of Nd are reduced to 13 for Er and 19 for Nd. In order to label transitions that correspond to bands found from recorded absorption spectra, twelve bands for both ions in the ranges 300-1700 nm for Er 3+ and 300-2600 nm for Nd 3+ , we take the values reported by Carnall for these ions [23].…”

“…Of all lanthanide rare earths ions, Nd 3+ has been extensively studied for lasers; therefore, almost all solid state lasers use Nd 3+ as the active ion at present [10][11][12]. Except for Pm and Gd, all of the lanthanide ions has transitions that are useful for laser devices.…”

Growth, structure and spectroscopic characterization of a new laser crystals Nd3+:Li3Ba2Gd3(WO4)8

“…Recently the tungstate crystals have been widely investigated as a new laser host material [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. For example, Nd 3+ :KGd(WO 4 ) 2 crystal exhibited the high efficiency for stimulated emission at low pumping energies with diode laser pumping [9]; KYb(WO 4 ) 2 crystal was regarded as a potential candidate for microchip laser medium [13].…”