Lung cancer awareness and anticipated delay before seeking medical help in the middle-belt population of Nigeria

Desalu, Olufemi Olumuyiwa; Fawibe, Ademola Emmanuel; Sanya, E O; Ojuawo, Olutobi; Aladesanmi, Adeniyi; Salami, AK

doi:10.5588/ijtld.15.0497

Cited by 11 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…The main goal was to include studies from LMICs, whose findings demonstrated potentials for transferability and/or generalizability to settings in SSA. This scoping review identified 9 articles published between 2008 and 2018, eight of which recognized the level of lung cancer knowledge, risk factors and awareness of warning signs and symptoms in LMICs, mostly in Africa and Asia [20,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Our findings demonstrated a gap in literature on individual and community level interventions promoting lung cancer awareness and palliative care in SSA specifically and LMICs generally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All included studies were conducted in LMICs and published between 2008 and 2018, resulting in a total sample size of 3563 participants from primary studies. The majority of the participants were males in six studies [20,[31][32][33][34][35], two studies had a slight female preponderance [36,37], while one study [21] was a literature review. Of nine studies included, 6 were cross-sectional studies [31-34, 36, 37], one was a pre-test and post-test study design [35], one was a prospective study [20] and the last one was a literature review [21].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of nine studies included, 6 were cross-sectional studies [31-34, 36, 37], one was a pre-test and post-test study design [35], one was a prospective study [20] and the last one was a literature review [21]. Of the nine studies included in the review, eight showed at least one lung cancer warning signs and symptoms [20,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37], while one study described the effectiveness of palliative care for lung cancer [21]. The participants from one study had a good knowledge of lung cancer [37], one had a moderate knowledge [34], four studies had low level of knowledge [31,33,35,36] and one study stated that knowledge of lung cancer varied by sociodemographic factors [32].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 9 included studies, 8 primary studies underwent methodological quality assessment (Additional file 3) using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT)-Version 2011 [30], while 1 study was a literature review, hence it did not undergo quality assessment [21]. Four of the studies attained a high quality score of 76-100% [20,32,33,36], and the remaining four studies had an average quality score of 51-75% [31,34,35,37]. None of the eight included primary studies that underwent quality assessment had low quality score of <50%, thereby rendering the risk of bias in the overall evidence as minimal.…”

Section: Quality Of Evidence From Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study by Chawla et al [32], stated that 100% of males were aware of smoking as the main risk factor for lung cancer. Participants in three studies showed low level of awareness of lung cancer warning signs [33,35,36]. In a study conducted by Naskar et al [34] in West Bengal, 92% of the participants mentioned ionizing radiation, asbestos and other cancer-causing substances as risk factors for lung cancer [34].…”

Section: Awareness Of Lung Cancer Risk Factors Signs and Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lung cancer awareness and palliative care interventions implemented in low-and middle-income countries: a scoping review

2020

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Background Lung cancer is the most diagnosed cancer worldwide. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), lung cancer is often diagnosed at a late stage due to poor knowledge and awareness of its signs and symptoms. Increasing lung cancer awareness is likely to reduce the diagnosis and treatment delays. The implementation of early palliative care has also been reported to improve a patient’s quality of life, and even survival. The aim of this scoping review was to map evidence on lung cancer awareness and palliative care interventions implemented in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and other LMICs. Methods This scoping review was guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. Databases such as the EBSCOhost, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, World Health Organization (WHO) library and grey literature were used to perform systematic searches of relevant articles. The methodological quality assessment of included primary studies was assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT). NVivo version 10 software was used to perform the thematic content analysis of the included studies. Results A total number of screened articles was 2886, with 236 meeting the eligibility criteria and 167 further excluded following abstract screening. Sixty-nine (69) articles qualified for full-article screening and 9 were selected for detailed data extraction and methodological quality assessment. Of the included nine studies, eight described at least one lung cancer warning signs and symptoms, while one described the effectiveness of palliative care for lung cancer. Eight articles recognized the level of lung cancer knowledge, risk factors awareness of warning signs and symptoms in LMICs, mostly Africa and Asia. Conclusions Most of the participants were aware of tobacco use as the major risk factor for lung cancer but lacked knowledge on the other pre-disposing risk factors. Evidence on palliative care is scarce, therefore, awareness interventions packaged with evidence on the value of timely access to palliative care services in improving the quality of life of the lung cancer patients and their families, are required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quality Of Evidence From Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Awareness Of Lung Cancer Risk Factors Signs and Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lung cancer awareness and palliative care interventions implemented in low-and middle-income countries: a scoping review

2020

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Awareness of Cancer Risk Factors and Its Signs and Symptoms in Northern Tanzania: a Cross-Sectional Survey in the General Population and in People Living with HIV

Munishi

McCormack

Mangi³

et al. 2019

J Canc Educ

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An important component of cancer control programs for the growing burden in sub-Saharan Africa is a population's awareness of risk factors. Studies thereof have focused on single rather than multiple cancers and carcinogens. During March and April 2015, we undertook a survey to assess awareness of multiple cancer risk factors and symptoms in the Kilimanjaro Region, North Tanzania. General population (n = 620) and attendees at HIV care-and-treatment clinics (CTCs) were included (n = 207). Participants' mean age was 43.8 (interquartile range 30-52) years; 58% were female. Awareness of cancer risk was highest for tobacco (90%) and alcoholic spirits (67%), but tended to be lower for infections (41% for HIV (42.2% and 41.4% for CTC and community group, respectively) and 16% for HPV (16.0% and 16.6% for CTC and community group, respectively)), while that of moldy maize and peanuts was 35% for both. Awareness of specific cancer signs and symptoms ranged between 70% and 90%. Awareness of alcohol and tobacco was higher in men than women (odds ratio = 1.82 (1.38, 2.40) and 3.96 (2.14, 7.31), respectively). In relation to cancer treatment, 70% preferred modern medicine and 10% preferred traditional medicine alone. Sixty percent was not aware of any local cancer early detection services. Only 20% had ever been examined for cancer, and of those screened, CTC group was 1.5 times more likely to screen than community participants. Awareness did not differ by age or HIV status. There are good levels of cancer risk factor awareness for certain lifestyle-related carcinogens in Tanzania; however, increased awareness is needed especially for infections and cancer warning symptom both in the general and HIVpositive population, as well as some myths to be dispelled.

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Psychological factors related to time to help-seeking for cancer symptoms: a meta-analysis across cancer sites

Petrova

Okan

Salamanca-Fernández

et al. 2019

Health Psychology Review

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The time patients wait before seeking help for cancer symptoms is among the most important factors contributing to diagnostic delays in cancer. We reviewed the association between time to help-seeking and three psychological factors: symptom knowledge, symptom interpretation, and beliefs about cancer (Prospero review protocol CRD42018088944). Forty-seven studies published between 1990 and 2019 met the inclusion criteria, providing data on 44,961 participants from 22 countries concerning seven cancer sites. A series of random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were conducted. Better symptom knowledge was related to lower odds of a long help-seeking interval in both studies with healthy populations (OR=.73, 95% CI [.63, .84], k=19) and with patients (OR=.40, 95% CI [.23, .69], k=12), and so was interpreting experienced symptoms as cancer-related (OR=.52, 95% CI [.36, .75], k=13 studies with patients). More positive beliefs about cancer (i.e., that cancer is treatable) were associated with lower odds of a long help-seeking interval in both studies with healthy populations (OR=.70, 95% CI [.52, .92], k=11) and with patients (OR=.51, 95% CI [.32, .82], k=7). Symptom knowledge, interpretation, and beliefs about cancer are likely to be universal predictors of help-seeking. Theoretical models of patient help-seeking and interventions aiming to reduce delays should incorporate these factors.

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Lung cancer awareness and anticipated delay before seeking medical help in the middle-belt population of Nigeria

Abstract: The awareness of lung cancer warning signs and risk factors are not satisfactory in Nigeria. There is a need to increase awareness about the condition to prevent delays in seeking medical help.

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Lung cancer awareness and palliative care interventions implemented in low-and middle-income countries: a scoping review

Lung cancer awareness and palliative care interventions implemented in low-and middle-income countries: a scoping review

Awareness of Cancer Risk Factors and Its Signs and Symptoms in Northern Tanzania: a Cross-Sectional Survey in the General Population and in People Living with HIV

Psychological factors related to time to help-seeking for cancer symptoms: a meta-analysis across cancer sites

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