Lung cancer in HIV infected patients: facts, questions and challenges

Cadranel, Jacques; Garfield, David H.; Lavolé, A.; Wislez, Marie; Milleron, B.; Mayaud, C

doi:10.1136/thx.2005.052373

Cited by 88 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…This increased risk may relate, at least in part, to the fact that HIV-infected persons, especially intravenous drug users, tend to smoke more than the general population [135,138]. This contention is supported by reports of a high frequency of lung cancer in HIV-infected persons who smoke, as opposed to those who do not [135,139].…”

Section: Noninfective Pulmonary Conditions Lung Cancersupporting

confidence: 67%

“…More recently, several studies have suggested that there is indeed an increased incidence of lung cancer in HIV-infected patients, especially evident in the post-HAART era and associated with a poor outcome [134-138, 140, 141], with the adjusted risk ranging from 2.0 to 7.0 [18]. This increased risk may relate, at least in part, to the fact that HIV-infected persons, especially intravenous drug users, tend to smoke more than the general population [135,138]. This contention is supported by reports of a high frequency of lung cancer in HIV-infected persons who smoke, as opposed to those who do not [135,139].…”

Section: Noninfective Pulmonary Conditions Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much has been written about the occurrence of lung cancer in HIV-infected patients, with initial studies variously documenting it to be increased, decreased or the same in HIV-infected patients, compared to the general population [133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141]. More recently, several studies have suggested that there is indeed an increased incidence of lung cancer in HIV-infected patients, especially evident in the post-HAART era and associated with a poor outcome [134-138, 140, 141], with the adjusted risk ranging from 2.0 to 7.0 [18].…”

Section: Noninfective Pulmonary Conditions Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of HIV infection and smoking on lung immunity and related disorders

2015

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HIV-infected persons not only have higher rates of smoking than the general population, but are also unusually vulnerable to the associated adverse health effects, both infective and noninfective in origin. Indeed, in the setting of well-organised care and availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected smokers lose more life-years to smoking than to HIV infection per se, presenting a major challenge to healthcare providers. Not surprisingly, the respiratory system is particularly susceptible to the damaging interactive chronic inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of HIV and smoking, intensifying the risk of the development of opportunistic infections, as well as lung cancer and obstructive lung disorders. The impact of smoking on the immunopathogenesis and frequencies of these respiratory conditions in the setting of HIV infection, as well as on the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy, represent the primary focus of this review. @ERSpublications Smoking exacerbates the immunosuppressive/pro-inflammatory effects of HIV, increasing the risk of pulmonary disease

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Section: Noninfective Pulmonary Conditions Lung Cancersupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Noninfective Pulmonary Conditions Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Noninfective Pulmonary Conditions Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of HIV infection and smoking on lung immunity and related disorders

2015

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“…The risk of developing lung cancer seems to be higher in the HIV-positive population as most patients are smokers and many have a history of drug abuse [180]. Lung cancer is typically diagnosed a decade earlier (mean age 45 years) in the HIV-infected population and most of the time patients have advanced-stage disease.…”

Section: Lung Resections In Hiv-positive Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgery for nonsmall cell lung cancer

Lang-Lazdunski

2013

Eur Respir Rev

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Surgery remains the best curative option in patients with early stage lung cancer (stage I and II). Developments in minimally invasive techniques now allow surgeons to perform lung resections on elderly patients, patients with poor pulmonary function or significant cardiopulmonary comorbidities. New techniques, such as stereotactic radiotherapy and ablative procedures, are being evaluated in early-stage lung cancer and may represent an alternative to surgery in patients unfit for lung resection. Perioperative mortality rates have dropped significantly at most institutions in the past two decades and complications are managed more efficiently. Progress in imaging and staging techniques have helped cut futile thoracotomy rates and offer patients the most adequate treatment options. Large randomised trials have helped clarify the role of neoadjuvant, induction and adjuvant chemotherapy, as well as radiotherapy. Surgery remains an essential step in the multimodality therapy of selected patients with advanced-stage lung cancer (stage III and IV). Interventional and endoscopic techniques have reduced the role of surgery in the diagnosis and staging of nonsmall cell lung cancer, but surgery remains an important tool in the palliation of advanced-stage lung cancer. Large national/international surgical databases have been developed and predictive risk-models for surgical mortality/morbidity published by learned surgical societies. Nonetheless, lung cancer overall survival rates remain deceptively low and it is hoped that early detection/screening, better understanding of tumour biology and development of biomarkers, and development of efficient targeted therapies will help improve the prognosis of lung cancer patients in the next decade. @ERSpublications Despite progress in surgical techniques, radiotherapy techniques and targeted therapy, lung cancer prognosis remains poor

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“…Questo è probabilmente legato alla fase avanzata della malattia nel momento in cui viene diagnosticato il tumore polmonare. I disturbi respiratori sono particolarmente frequenti e includono in particolare tosse (40-86%), dolore toracico (25-75%) e dispnea (10-57%) (28)(29)(30). L'astenia è sempre presente e il 10-30% dei pazienti avrà anche emottisi.…”

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Tumore del polmone e infezione da HIV: dallo screening alle terapie innovative

Negri¹,

Fois²

2018

JHA

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RiassuntoI tumori rappresentano oggi una delle principali cause di morbilità e mortalità per il soggetto con infezione da HIV; in particolare, la neoplasia del polmone è una delle più frequenti nell'era della terapia antiretrovirale combinata, causata sia da effetti diretti dell'infezione da HIV che dalla modulazione dell'infiammazione sistemica e dell'immunodeficienza. Il tumore polmonare più frequente nei soggetti HIV positivi e nella popolazione generale è il carcinoma polmonare non a piccole cellule (non-small cell lung cancer -NSCLC). Negli ultimi anni sono state identificate numerose alterazioni molecolari del NSCLC che condizionano la terapia del tumore, alcune delle quali rappresentano un target terapeutico per trattamenti a bersaglio molecolare. Nei pazienti con NSCLC avanzato senza mutazione del recettore per il fattore di crescita epidermoidale (epidermal growth factor receptor -EGFR) o riarrangiamento del gene ALK, la scelta del trattamento si basa principalmente sul livello di espressione di 1-PD-L1, aumentata anche sulla superficie delle cellule T CD4 in pazienti con infezione da HIV. Inibitori di PD-1 potrebbero essere un'opportunità terapeutica nei pazienti con NSCLC e HIV. Abstract Nowadays tumors represent one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in HIV patients; in particular, lung cancer is one of the most frequent in the combined antiretroviral therapy era. It is caused by direct effects of HIV infection and by modulation of systemic inflammation and immunodeficiency. The most common lung cancer in HIV-positive subjects and in the general population is NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer). In recent years, molecular alterations of NSCLC

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Lung cancer in HIV infected patients: facts, questions and challenges

Cited by 88 publications

References 102 publications

Impact of HIV infection and smoking on lung immunity and related disorders

Impact of HIV infection and smoking on lung immunity and related disorders

Surgery for nonsmall cell lung cancer

Tumore del polmone e infezione da HIV: dallo screening alle terapie innovative

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