Lung infections bullet 5: Streptococcus pneumoniae

Catterall, J R

doi:10.1136/thx.54.10.929

Cited by 43 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 117 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Interactions between intact pneumococci and host cells occurring after penetration of the alveolar epithelium are also highly relevant to the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia, as this organism has been demonstrated to move across the respiratory epithelium by transcytosis (17) and invade the bloodstream, causing bacteremia (6,29). In the present investigation, the pneumolysin-deficient mutants are presented at the abluminal surface of the endothelium, as would occur when an organism has already successfully traversed the epithelium and interstitium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Neutrophil transendothelial migration in vitro toStreptococcus pneumoniaeis pneumolysin dependent

Moreland¹,

Bailey²

2006

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from the vascular space to the alveolar air space is an early event in host defense against pneumococcal pneumonia. Pneumolysin is a virulence factor for Streptococcus pneumoniae, but a specific role for pneumolysin in neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions has not been investigated. Using a Transwell system, we studied in vitro migration of PMNs across a monolayer of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in response to wild-type S. pneumoniae (D39) and a pneumolysin-deficient mutant (plnA(-)) incubated on the abluminal surface of the monolayer. S. pneumoniae induction of PMN migration was dose dependent and elicited by > or =10(5) D39. Mutants lacking pneumolysin had dramatically reduced potency for eliciting PMN migration compared with the parent strain (5 x 10(6) plnA(-) elicits 18.6% PMN migration vs. 55.5% for 5 x 10(6) D39). The disparity between D39 and plnA(-) persisted in ethanol-fixed bacteria, consistent with the properties of pneumolysin. Neither conditioned medium from D39 nor purified pneumolysin elicited PMN migration to the same extent as the intact D39, suggesting that the role of pneumolysin in eliciting PMN migration requires a more complex interaction between the organism, the endothelium, and the PMN. Both D39 and plnA(-) adhered to, and translocated across, the endothelium in the abluminal to luminal direction and elicited similar levels of IL-8 production. Neither strain elicited upregulation of the endothelial adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, or E-selectin, and they did not cause translocation of NF-kappaB to the nucleus. These findings demonstrate a novel role for pneumolysin in pneumococcus-induced PMN recruitment across the pulmonary endothelium.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Neutrophil transendothelial migration in vitro toStreptococcus pneumoniaeis pneumolysin dependent

Moreland¹,

Bailey²

2006

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The capsule which present external to the cell wall of pneumococcus disrupts the neutrophil-mediated and complement activity of bacterial cells leading to inhibition of opsonophagocytosis [3] . This confers the organism with resistance against phagocytosis and promotes bacterial evasion from the host immune system [4] . Of the 90 capsular types, only a few are causative agents of invasive diseases and associated with pediatric diseases [5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsular Serotype and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates in Malaysia

Palanisamy

Yusof

et al. 2011

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major causative agent of severe infections, including sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media, that has since become a major public health concern. In this study, the serotypes distribution of pneumococcal isolates was investigated to predict the efficacy of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) among the Malaysian populations.Methodology/Principal FindingsA total of 151 clinical isolates were serotyped using multiplex PCR assays. Out of them, there were 21.2% penicillin-resistant, 29.1% penicillin-intermediate, and 49.7% penicillin-susceptible S.pneumoniae strains. Serotypes detected among the Malaysian isolates were 1, 3, 10A, 11A/11D, 12F/12A, 14, 15A, 15B/15C, 16F, 18C/18B/18A/18F, 19A, 19F, 23F, 35B, 35F/47F, 6A/6B, 7C/7B/40, 7F/7A, 9V/9A, and 34. Serotype 19F and 23F were the two most prevalent serotypes detected. Serotypes are highly associated with invasiveness of isolates (p = 0.001) and penicillin susceptibility (p<0.001). Serotype 19F was observed to have increased resistance against penicillin while serotype 19A has high invasive tendency. Age of patients was an important factor underlying the pneumococcal serotypes (p = 0.03) and clinical sites of infections (p<0.001). High prevalence of pneumococcal isolates were detected among children <5 years old at nasopharyngeal sites while elderly adults ≥60 years old were at increased risk for pneumococcal bacteremia.Conclusion/SignificanceCurrent study revealed that a number of serotypes, especially those associated with high penicillin resistance, have been formulated in the PCV7. Therefore, the protections expected from the routine use of PCV7 would be encouraging for the Malaysian. However, it is not possible to predict serotypes that might become predominant in the future and hence continued surveillance of circulating serotypes will be needed.

show abstract

“…by pathogens, such as Mannheimia hemolytica, Streptococcus pneumonia, and E. coli run into billions of dollars (12,38,43). The most common signs of ALI include impaired blood oxygenation, exuberant migration of activated neutrophils into inflamed lungs, and an increase in permeability of the alveolar capillary wall, resulting in edema (6,53). Because of the mortality, morbidity, and economic losses, it is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms for the development of better therapeutics for managing respiratory diseases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukocyte-specific protein 1 regulates neutrophil recruitment in acute lung inflammation

Channabasappa

Hossain

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mechanisms of excessive migration of activated neutrophils into inflamed lungs, credited with tissue damage, are not fully understood. We explored the hitherto unknown expression of leukocyte-specific protein 1 (LSP1) in human and mouse lungs and neutrophils and examined its role in neutrophil migration in acute lung inflammation. Autopsied septic human lungs showed increased LSP1 labeling in epithelium, endothelium, and leukocytes, including in their nuclei compared with normal lungs. We induced acute lung inflammation through intranasal administration of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (80 μg) in LSP1-deficient (Lsp1(-/-)) and wild-type (WT) 129/SvJ mice. Immunocytochemistry and Western blots showed increased expression of LSP1 and phosphorylated LSP1 in lungs of LPS-treated WT mice. Histology showed more congestion, inflammation, and Gr-1(+) neutrophils in lung of WT mice than Lsp1(-/-) mice. LPS-treated WT mice had significantly more neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and myeloperoxidase levels in lungs compared with Lsp1(-/-) mice. However, there were no differences in lung tissue and BAL concentrations of keratinocyte-derived chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α and -1β, vascular permeability, and phosphorylated p38 MAPK between LPS-treated WT and Lsp1(-/-) mice, whereas TNF-α concentration was higher in BAL fluid from LPS-treated WT. Immunoelectron microscopy showed increased LSP1 in the nuclei of LPS-treated neutrophils. We also found increased levels of phosphorylated LSP1 associated with plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytosol at various times after LPS treatment of murine bone marrow-derived neutrophils, suggesting its role in modulation of neutrophil cytoskeleton and the membrane. These data collectively show increased expression of LSP1 in inflamed mouse and human lungs and its role in neutrophil recruitment and lung inflammation.

show abstract

Lung infections bullet 5: Streptococcus pneumoniae

Cited by 43 publications

References 117 publications

Neutrophil transendothelial migration in vitro toStreptococcus pneumoniaeis pneumolysin dependent

Neutrophil transendothelial migration in vitro toStreptococcus pneumoniaeis pneumolysin dependent

Capsular Serotype and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates in Malaysia

Leukocyte-specific protein 1 regulates neutrophil recruitment in acute lung inflammation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About