Luteal blood flow and growth in correlation to circulating angiogenic hormones after spontaneous ovulation in mares

Abstract

For evaluating corpus luteum (CL) function, blood flow, circulating nitric oxide (NO), estradiol (E 2 ), progesterone, leptin and insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-1) concentrations were measured for 11 days that were equally divided into early and mid-luteal phases. Five mares underwent blood sampling and rectal Doppler ultrasound examination for 18 days for two estrous cycles. CL diameter, circumference, area and volume increased till day 11. Both blood flow blue area and power area increased from day 1 to 11 but colour blood flow red area declined till day 11. NO concentration increased till day 5 then decreased till day 11. Leptin concentrations declined from day 1 to 11. Power blood flow area and colour blood flow blue area exhibited a significant negative correlation with E 2 (r= -0.79; -0.75), leptin (r= -0.73; -0.51), and IGF-1 (r= -0.56; -0.60), but had a positive one with progesterone (r=0.47; 0.52). Days after ovulation and luteal phase affected significantly luteal blood flow and hormone concentrations. The relatively high E 2 , leptin, IGF-1 and NO during growth compared to static phase indicated a role enhancing angiogenesis and early CL development.

Assessment of the accuracy of testicular dysfunction detection in male donkey (Equus asinus) with the aid of colour‐spectral Doppler in relation to plasma testosterone and serum nitric oxide levels

“…Images of the intratesticular coloured area were stored in USB flash memory from the device for further vascular perfusion analysis. Then, all images were measured as previously reported for luteal evaluation in mares (Abdelnaby & Abo El‐Maaty, 2017a). The coloured area was determined and counted per pixels using Adobe Photoshop CC software program X 64; Adobe Inc. USA (Kutzler et al., 2011; Ribeiro et al.,2020).…”

Ovarian and uterine arteries blood flow waveform response in the first two cycles following superstimulation in cows

“…The onset of luteal regression was defined as the first day when the CL diameter began to decline and continued to decrease thereafter. During both first and second ovulations after superovulation, the pre-ovulatory phase included the ovulatory wave growth from Day −5 till ovulation (day 0), the early-luteal growth phase included days from day 1 to day 5 (Abdelnaby & Abo El-Maaty, 2017b), the mid-luteal static phase included days from day 6 to 10 and the late-luteal regression phase included days from day 11 to 16.…”

Histological and hemodynamic characterization of corpus luteum throughout the luteal phase in pregnant and non-pregnant buffalos in relation to nitric oxide levels based on its anatomical determination

“…The steroidogenic cells, which are responsible for progesterone production, are composed of luteal cells (large and small cells that originate from both granulosa and theca cells), while the non-steroidogenic cells are composed of fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophage ( 13 , 14 ). Although luteal functions have been evaluated in many studies ( 15 , 16 ), many specific regulatory factors related to luteal vascularization need future studies, especially in buffalos. The size of the CL at the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle ranged from 1 to 2 cm compared to that at pregnancy which ranged from 2 to 2.5 cm ( 17 ).…”