Lymphatic Transport of Cholesterol in the Human Being. Effect of Dietary Cholesterol

Borgström, Bengt; Radner, Stig; Werner, B.

doi:10.3109/00365517009046227

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, cumulative radioactivities from 12 h lymph collections repre- sent precise Ch absorption values in mice. Also, it has been observed that the absorption and lymphatic transport of Ch is complete by 10-12 h in rats (14,16,17), rabbits (23,24), dogs (28,29), primates (31,32), and humans (15,39,40). Sterol balance methods depend upon the precise analysis and administration of dietary constituents, as well as total collection of feces and accurate measurement of endogenous biliary Ch outputs and fecal neutral steroids.…”

Section: Reevaluation Of Methods For Measurement Of Intestinal Ch Absmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obviously, the direct measurement of intestinal Ch absorption is to determine the lymphatic transport of a radioisotope (13)(14)(15). All of these methods have been validated and used extensively in rats (4,7,13,14,(16)(17)(18)(19), hamsters (9,20,21), guinea pigs (22), rabbits (23)(24)(25)(26)(27), dogs (28)(29)(30), and primates (31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38), including humans (10,(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48) ( Table 1 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Measurement of intestinal cholesterol absorption by plasma and fecal dual-isotope ratio, mass balance, and lymph fistula methods in the mouse: an analysis of direct versus indirect methodologies

Wang

Carey

2003

Journal of Lipid Research

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rate of intestinal cholesterol (Ch) absorption is an important criterion for quantitation of Ch homeostasis. However, studies in the literature suggest that percent Ch absorption, measured usually by a fecal dual-isotope ratio method, spans a wide range, from 20% to 90%, in healthy inbred mice on a chow diet. In the present study, we adapted four standard methods, one direct (lymph collection) and three indirect (plasma and fecal dual-isotope ratio, and sterol balance) measurements of Ch absorption and applied them to mice. Our data establish that all methodologies can be valid in mice, with all methods supporting the concept that gallstone-susceptible C57L mice absorb significantly more Ch (37 ؎ 5%) than gallstone-resistant AKR mice (24 ؎ 4%). We ascertained that sources of error in the literature leading to marked differences in Ch absorption efficiencies between laboratories relate to a number of technical factors, most notably expertise in mouse surgery, complete solubilization and delivery of radioisotopes, appropriate collection periods for plasma and fecal samples, and total extraction of radioisotopes from feces. We find that all methods provide excellent interexperimental agreement, and the ranges obtained challenge previously held beliefs regarding the spread of intestinal Ch absorption efficiencies in mice. The approaches documented herein provide quantifiable methodologies for exploring genetic mechanisms of Ch absorption, and for investigating the assembly and secretion of chylomicrons, as well as intestinal lipoprotein metabolism in mice. The small intestine is the organ uniquely responsible for partial absorption of both dietary and biliary cholesterol (Ch), and plays a major role in regulation of wholebody Ch balance (1-3). Accurate and precise measurements of intestinal Ch absorption is one of the basic requirements for quantitation of Ch homeostasis as well as for ascertaining genetic variations and drug effects. Presently, there are three indirect methods available for measuring Ch absorption. Of these, the simplest is the plasma dual-isotope ratio method introduced by Zilversmit (4), recently modified by us for the mouse (5, 6). The method is based on the simultaneous ig and iv administration of [ 3 H]Ch and [ 14 C]Ch and measurement of plasma Ch isotope ratios at a set point in time: by definition, it assumes "100% absorption" of the iv dose. The most frequently employed method in the literature is the fecal dual-isotope ratio method (7), which is based on the administration of a single oral dose of radiolabled Ch and a nonabsorbed radiolabled phytosterol, such as ␤ -sitosterol (7,8) or sitostanol (9), as reference marker. The measurement is critically dependent on an accurate assessment of the ratios of excreted radioactivities of the two isotopes and their bacterial metabolites in feces. In a metabolic steady state, the sterol balance method (10-12) estimates the mass absorption of exogenous Ch based on the difference between dietary Ch and its fecal excretion. The measurement...

show abstract

Section: Reevaluation Of Methods For Measurement Of Intestinal Ch Absmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of intestinal cholesterol absorption by plasma and fecal dual-isotope ratio, mass balance, and lymph fistula methods in the mouse: an analysis of direct versus indirect methodologies

Wang

Carey

2003

Journal of Lipid Research

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, there is a time delay for the absorption of dietary cholesterol because it needs to be solubilised in bile salt micelles. In humans [93] and animals [94], resecretion of absorbed cholesterol into the lymph could be a slow process with limited influence from the amount of dietary cholesterol ingested during short-term follow-up. Along these lines, only limited changes in CM lipid concentrations were observed 0-7 h postprandially in healthy humans after ingestion of high, compared with low amounts of dietary cholesterol [95].…”

Section: Postprandial Lipaemia and Chole-sterol Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 98%

Clinical Relevance of Postprandial Lipaemia

Kolovou¹,

Anagnostopoulou²,

Daskalopoulou³

et al. 2005

CMC

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several studies showed that after a fatty meal, plasma triglyceride (TG) levels are higher in patients with coronary heart disease. This abnormality may explain why some individuals develop atherosclerotic disease despite normal fasting lipid values. TG-rich lipoproteins are involved in atherosclerosis and thrombosis. TG, remnant-like particle (RLP) cholesterol (RLP-C) and RLP-TG increase after fat load and could contribute to atherothrombosis. Postprandial lipaemia is not a uniform abnormality. Its pathophysiology is not yet entirely clarified; possibly, the response to dietary fat is a polygenic phenomenon. However, a link with insulin resistance is likely; this link as well as that with obesity is discussed. A substantial part of life is spent in the postprandial state. Therefore, several investigators described fat load tests. However, it is still difficult to establish normal postprandial TG ranges since only small numbers of subjects were studied and there is as yet no standardised method. A more simplified fat load test should be established for 'routine' use. In this review, we consider the metabolic features, prevalence and management of postprandial lipaemia. Treatment may involve lifestyle measures as well as the use of lipid lowering (e.g. fibrates or statins), weight reducing and hypoglycaemic drugs.

show abstract

“…Endogenous cholesterol enters the intestinal lumen in association with bile salts and is immediately available for absorption, while there is a time delay for the absorption of dietary cholesterol since it needs to be solubilised in bile salt micelles [42,43]. As a consequence the amount of dietary cholesterol does not substantially influence CM lipid concentration [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Statins on Postprandial Lipemia

Kolovou¹,

Anagnostopoulou²,

Salpea³

et al. 2007

CDT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several studies showed that postprandial plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations are higher in patients with coronary heart disease. TG-rich lipoprotein remnants accumulated in the postprandial state are involved in atherogenesis and in events leading to thrombosis. Lipid lowering drugs, such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are of significant benefit in the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerosis. Statins can decrease total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as TG concentrations and improve postprandial lipoprotein metabolism. Since abnormal postprandial lipemia is associated with pathological conditions, its treatment is relevant. This review considers the effect of statins on postprandial lipemia.

show abstract

Lymphatic Transport of Cholesterol in the Human Being. Effect of Dietary Cholesterol

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Measurement of intestinal cholesterol absorption by plasma and fecal dual-isotope ratio, mass balance, and lymph fistula methods in the mouse: an analysis of direct versus indirect methodologies

Measurement of intestinal cholesterol absorption by plasma and fecal dual-isotope ratio, mass balance, and lymph fistula methods in the mouse: an analysis of direct versus indirect methodologies

Clinical Relevance of Postprandial Lipaemia

The Effect of Statins on Postprandial Lipemia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About