Lymphocyte Activation and Induction of Interferon Gamma in Human Leucocyte Cultures by the Mitogen in Mycoplasma arthritidis Supernatant (MAS)

Kirchner, Holger; Bauer, Andrea S.; Möritz, Thomas; Herbst, Friederike

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02177.x

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, the release of large amounts of Iymphokines by the activated cells (148)(149)(150), and the swamping out of directed responses by the overwhelming T-cell proliferation could contribute to an immunosuppressive state and favor the bacteria. However, the release of large amounts of Iymphokines by the activated cells (148)(149)(150), and the swamping out of directed responses by the overwhelming T-cell proliferation could contribute to an immunosuppressive state and favor the bacteria.…”

Section: Some Evolutionary Speculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superantigens: Mechanism of T-Cell Stimulation and Role in Immune Responses

Herman¹,

Kappler²,

Marrack³

et al. 1991

Annu. Rev. Immunol.

734

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Superantigens combine with MHC class-II molecules to form the ligands that stimulate T cells via the V beta element of the T-cell receptor. Two groups of superantigens have been described so far: first, endogenous murine products that include the Mls determinants, and second, bacterial products such as the Staphylococcal enterotoxins. Here, we review studies that address the interactions between the foreign superantigens and MHC class-II molecules, the mechanism of T-cell stimulation, and the role that tolerance to self-superantigens plays in shaping the T-cell repertoire. We speculate on the possible evolutionary significance of superantigens.

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Section: Some Evolutionary Speculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superantigens: Mechanism of T-Cell Stimulation and Role in Immune Responses

Herman¹,

Kappler²,

Marrack³

et al. 1991

Annu. Rev. Immunol.

734

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“…Furthermore, mycoplasma-derived products can also induce proinflammatory cytokine production. Human monocytes can be triggered by a soluble entity, isolated from Mycoplasma arthritidis culture supernatant (4), that has been shown to be a basic protein of 20 to 25 kDa (15). Mycoplasma fermentans-derived high-molecular-weight material with a molecular mass of over 1.5 x 106 Da induces IL-6 production by human monocytes; this activity requires previous culture of mycoplasma with eucaryotic cells or extracts (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma arginini TUH-14 membrane lipoproteins induce production of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha by human monocytes

et al. 1994

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Mycoplasma arinini TUH-14 partially purified membrane lipoproteins (TUH-14-pp) directly induce secretion of the cytokines involved in the inflammatory response, namely, interleukin 1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-6, by human monocytes cultured in the absence of serum. The biological activity of each cytokine correlates with its immunoreactivity. Upon stimulation with either TUH-14-pp or lipopolysaccharide, most tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-6 is secreted in the extracellular compartment, whereas a significant amount of IL-1 remains cell associated. Finally, polymyxin B does not affect secretion of cytokines induced by TUH-14-pp, indicating that mycoplasma lipopolysaccharide does not account for their effects on monocytes. Altogether, our data show that direct interaction of mycoplasma membrane components with human blood monocytes induces secretion of high levels of cytokines known to trigger inflammatory responses. This new

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“…M. arthritidis has been the subject of extensive studies and was shown to act as a mitogen for lymphocytes from mice, rat and human , 1986a, 1986b, Kirchner et al 1986a. The induction of murine T-cell proliferation and cytotoxic activity by M. arthritidis is MHC class II1-E antigen-restricted (BekofT et al 1987).…”

Section: Mycoplasma Effects On T Lymphocytes In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production of interferon-y by murine spleen cells upon stimulation by M. arthritidis is restricted to the I-E/I-C subregion of the MHC, as it is for lymphocyte proliferation and induction of cytotoxic lymphocytes (Cole & Thorpe 1984). MAS also induces production of IFNy in human leukocyte cultures (Kirchner et aL 1986a).…”

Section: Mycoplasma-induced Production Of Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between Mycoplasmas and the Immune System

Ruuth

Praz

1989

Immunological Reviews

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Mycoplasmas are a heterogenous group of prokaryotic organisms causing a wide variety of diseases, including autoimmune disorders. Thus, it is not surprising that various mycoplasmas strains, including Mycoplasma arginini, M. arthritidis, M. neurolyticum and M. pulmonis, are able to regulate the immune response. Though some of the studies of the immunomodulatory action of mycoplasmas have been done in vivo, the majority of the investigations have been conducted in vitro. This has led to the recognition that mycoplasmas are polyclonal activators of both B and T cells from several species, acting through MHC-restricted or -unrestricted pathways. Mycoplasma activation not only induces T-cell proliferation but also leads but to the formation of cytotoxic T cells. We, as well as others, have shown that mycoplasma-mediated B-cell activation induces proliferation as well as Ig secretion, and also that mycoplasma stimulation of lymphocytes may result in the production of cytokines. We communicate here our investigations into the effects of an M. arginini strain on the growth and maturation of preactivated B cells. After an initial biological characterization of the M. arginini effects in vitro, we established the protein nature of the growth-supporting activity and proceeded further on to isolate and identify the responsible proteins. The use of lipid- and lipoglycan-free extracts has allowed us to further extend our studies on the biological activities of the proteins from M. arginini and to compare these results with the effects obtained using live organisms. Furthermore, the study was extended to include a characterization of the in vivo-induced effects of live M. arginini. Altogether, the results from these experiments allow us to conclude that M. arginini is a T-cell independent polyclonal B-cell mitogen, mediated by five identified proteins, inducing growth and Ig secretion of both resting and preactivated B cells.

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Lymphocyte Activation and Induction of Interferon Gamma in Human Leucocyte Cultures by the Mitogen in Mycoplasma arthritidis Supernatant (MAS)

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Superantigens: Mechanism of T-Cell Stimulation and Role in Immune Responses

Superantigens: Mechanism of T-Cell Stimulation and Role in Immune Responses

Mycoplasma arginini TUH-14 membrane lipoproteins induce production of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha by human monocytes

Interactions between Mycoplasmas and the Immune System

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